煤气化炉渣研究现状及利用技术展望

煤气化技术的应用是我国能源战略的重要一环,但同时也会产生大量的煤气化炉渣,亟需研究可批量消纳的资源化利用技术。煤炭灰分中各种矿物相在气化炉内会随温度发生变化,通过对该变化的研究和总结,描述了煤炭灰分中各种矿物相在气化炉内的物化反应过程,并指出煤炭灰分对煤气化炉渣的最终形态特点具有决定性的影响;对煤气化炉渣中残碳的组成及其变化特点的研究表明,残碳对煤气化炉渣的最终利用途径具有重要影响;此外,通过分析煤气化炉渣利用技术研究现状,指出建材化利用技术和掺烧循环流化床原料技术是目前的主流途径;最后,展望了煤气化炉渣利用技术的发展方向,并提出了煤气化炉渣用于混凝土和水泥原料以及井下回填的技术途径。

Research status and prospects of utilization technologies of slag from coal gasification

Coal gasification technology has become an important part in China's energy strategy. However, a great amount of slag has been generated due to this technology, which requires urgent development of resource utilization technology to consume and reuse the slag largely. Considering that different mineral phases of coal ash content will change with the temperature in the gasifier, and based on the investigation and summarization of this change, the physicochemical reaction process of various mineral phases in gasifier is described and the decisive impact of coal ash content on final morphological characteristics of slag from coal gasification is also revealed. The research on the constituents of carbon residue in the slag and their features of change shows that final utilization approaches of the slag are significantly influenced by carbon residue. Additionally, by analyzing current research status of utilization technology of coal gasification slag, it is pointed out that the utilization as building material and mixed combustion with circulating fluid-bed raw material are the most popular approaches for slag utilization. Finally, the prospects of utilization technology for slag from coal gasification are proposed and some utilization approaches are suggested, including using as raw material of concrete or cement and being backfilled underground.