| 水质基准甲壳类受试生物筛选 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑 欣,闫振广,王晓南,刘征涛.水质基准甲壳类受试生物筛选[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(4):356-364. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑 欣 闫振广 王晓南 刘征涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 国家环境保护化学品生态效应与风险评估重点实验室, 北京 100012 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501-003-06);中国环境科学研究院改革启动经费专项(2011GQ-02) |
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| 摘 要： | 为筛选我国甲壳类基准受试生物, 依据其分布范围、 生态学意义等选出具有代表性的本土甲壳类生物, 从ECOTOX数据库及公开发表的文献中搜集其毒性数据, 采用物种敏感度分布法分别对浮游甲壳类和底栖甲壳类的物种毒性数据进行敏感性分析. 结果表明: 溞科的溞属(大型溞、 蚤状溞、 僧帽溞和透明溞)、 低额溞属(锯顶低额溞)和网纹溞属(模糊网纹溞)可作为浮游甲壳类基准受试生物； 钩虾科的钩虾属(蚤状钩虾和淡水钩虾)、 长臂虾科的沼虾属〔日本沼虾(青虾)〕和方蟹科的绒螯蟹属(中华绒螯蟹)可作为底栖甲壳类基准受试生物. 此外, 由于甲壳类生物对不同污染物的敏感性排序存在差异, 溞属(大型溞、 蚤状溞、 僧帽溞和透明溞)、 低额溞属(锯顶低额溞)、 钩虾属(蚤状钩虾)和沼虾属(日本沼虾)适用于推导重金属污染物的水生生物基准； 溞属(蚤状溞)、 网纹溞属(模糊网纹溞)、 钩虾属(蚤状钩虾和淡水钩虾)、 绒螯蟹属(中华绒螯蟹)适用于推导各种有机污染物和氨氮的水生生物基准.
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| 关 键 词： | 水生生物基准 浮游甲壳类 底栖甲壳类 物种敏感度分布 基准受试生物 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013/7/1 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/1/20 0:00:00 |
Screening of Native Crustaceans for Deriving Aquatic Life Criteria |
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| ZHENG Xin,YAN Zhen-guang,WANG Xiao-nan and LIU Zheng-tao.Screening of Native Crustaceans for Deriving Aquatic Life Criteria[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2014,27(4):356-364. |
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| Authors: | ZHENG Xin YAN Zhen-guang WANG Xiao-nan and LIU Zheng-tao |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory for Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effects and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China,State Key Laboratory for Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effects and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China,State Key Laboratory for Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effects and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China ;College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China and State Key Laboratory for Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effects and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China |
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| Abstract: | Crustacean toxicity data required for deriving water quality criteria (WQC). In this study, planktonic and benthic crustaceans were investigated to select the test crustacean species for development of WQC. Firstly, the representative native crustacean species were selected according to their characteristics such as distribution area and ecological significance. After the representative native crustacean species selected, their species toxicity data were collected from the ECOTOX database and other published literatures. Thereafter, the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) of planktonic and benthic crustaceans was applied to compare their sensitivities species. The results indicated that Daphnia (D. magna, D. pulex, D. cucullata and D. hyaline), Simocephalus (S. serrulatus) and Ceriodaphnia (C. dubia) from Daphniidaecould be the recommended test planktons, while Gammarus (G. pulex and G. lacustris) from Gammaridae, Macrobrachium (M. nipponnensic) from Palaemonidae and Eriocheir (E. sinensis) from Grapsidae could be recommended as the test benthos for derivation of WQC. In addition, the sensitivity ranks of crustacean species were different when they exposed to various pollutants. Therefore, D. magna, D. pulex, D. cucullata, D. hyaline, S. serrulatus, G. pulex and M. nipponnensic that ranked No.1could be the recommended test crustaceans in deriving WQC for heavy metals. When deriving WQCs for organic pollutants and nutrients of ammonia, D. pulex, C. dubia, G. pulex, G. lacustris and E. sinensis that ranked No.1could be the recommended test crustaceans. |
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| Keywords: | aquatic life criteria planktonic crustaceans benthic crustaceans species sensitivity distribution test organisms of criteria |
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