家用空调碳足迹及其关键影响因素分析

我国居民家庭空调拥有量迅速增加,其生命周期中产生的温室效应也日益受到关注.本文依据国际标准PAS 2050,采用RCEES 2012和Ecoinvent 2.1数据库,并运用SimaPro 7.1软件计算了中国典型家用空调的碳足迹.主要结论为:家用空调生命周期中使用阶段用电产生的碳足迹最大,占67%;制冷剂的泄漏是除电力使用外第二大碳足迹贡献因素,产生了23%的碳足迹;生产制造阶段和废物处理阶段的碳足迹分别占16%和-6%.敏感性分析表明,空调日使用时间、空调年使用季节和制冷剂的泄漏比例是家用空调碳足迹的关键影响因素.

The carbon footprint of household air-conditioner and its key influence factors

Along with the rapid increase of air-conditioner installation in Chinese household, there is an increasing concern of the greenhouse effects within its whole life cycle. This paper analyzed the carbon footprint of Chinese typical household air-conditioner by SimaPro software version 7.1 with database RCEES 2012 and Ecoinvent 2.1, based on the international standard of the PAS 2050. It is concluded that electricity in the use stage contributes 67% of the carbon footprint of household air-conditioner, followed by refrigerant leakage which accounts for 23%. Carbon footprints in the manufacturing and end-of-life stage account for 16% and -6%, respectively. Based on the sensitivity analysis, daily using-time, annual using-season and refrigerant leak rates are identified as the key driving forces for carbon footprint of air-conditioner.