全国非点源污染分区分级

从非点源污染产生和迁移的水文过程机理出发,结合中国<水资源分区>和<中国水文区划>,提出了全国非点源污染分区分级体系;在地理信息系统(GIS)空间数据库支持下,基于非点源污染负荷产生和迁移的规律分析,在全国范围内进行了非点源污染分区分级,进而初步绘制全国非点源分区分级图,确定了全国非点源污染负荷估算模型的空间框架.全国非点源污染分区分级体系包括5级,非点源污染一级区为中国主要十大流域;主干河流自然流域分区作为非点源污染的二级区,共80个;在二级区基础上,依据非点源污染产生的水文气候特征,划分三级区共214个;在三级分区内,以影响非点源污染产生、迁移和转化的产汇流条件、社会经济结构、地形条件等为指标,划分非点源污染的四级分区322个;五级分区以非点源污染类型为标准进行划分.

Study on partitioned and graded system of non-point source pollution in China

The National NPS Partitioned and Graded System presented here which is integrated with GIS and RS tools, considering hydrological, climatic, topographic factors, is an effective approach to estimate the pollution load in whole China. The system shows the rule of transportation and transformation of non-point source pollution, and also is a helpful support to estimation of non-point source pollution load in whole china. It includes five grades. The first grade includes 10 regions, which is known as ten major river basins in China. Based on it, the second grade partitioned 80 regions according to the natural division of main stream. Then, considered hydrological and climatic factor, and to keep watershed and administrative boundary, they are partitioned 214 regions in the third grade. According to hydrological condition, socioeconomic structure and topographic factors which affecting transportation and transformation of non-point source pollution, 322 regions are generated in the fourth grade. Combining the system and macroscopic model, the non-point source pollution loads are computed from low level to high level grade, then load in the ten major river basins and whole china is estimated.