生物炭固定化多环芳烃高效降解菌剂的制备及稳定性

高效多环芳烃降解微生物在污染环境中存活并保持一定生物量是实现生物强化修复的前提.本研究通过优选生物炭，优化生物炭固定化多环芳烃高效降解菌Martelella sp.AD-3的制备条件以及评估生物炭固定化菌剂的稳定性，期望获得具有应用前景的生物材料.结果显示，稻壳生物炭比表面积及孔隙大、Zeta电位高、固定化菌剂去除效果好，选择其作为固定化AD-3菌的载体.电镜观察及固定化菌剂对菲的去除率表明，固定化培养基为3% LB，接种量为2.9×10⁸ CFU·mL^-1，固定2 d时，稻壳固定化菌剂负载AD-3量最多，对菲的去除速率可达8.08 mg·L^-1·h^-1.室温保存21 d后，稻壳生物炭固定化菌剂对菲的去除速率仍达到4.46 mg·L^-1·h^-1，表明稻壳生物炭固定化AD-3菌不仅保持了菌对菲的高效降解能力，而且延长了降解微生物的保存时间，这为多环芳烃污染土壤修复提供了良好的生物修复功能材料.

Preparation and stability of biochar for the immobilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradating-bacteria

Efficiency PAHs degradating microorganisms have high activity and maintain a certain amount of biomass in contaminated environment, which is a premise for realizing the bio-augmentation remediation. This study was investigated through selecting biochar, optimizing the preparation conditions of biochar immobilizing PAHs degradating-bacteria Martelella sp. AD-3, and evaluating the stability of the immobilized biochar, expecting to achieve a bio-materials with promising application. The results showed that the rice husk biochar had large specific surface area and pores, high Zeta potential, and good removal efficiency with immobilized bacteria. It was selected as a carrier for immobilizing AD-3. The observation by electron microscopic and the removal rate of phenanthrene by immobilizing bacteria showed that when the immobilized medium was 3% LB, the inoculation amount was 2.9×10⁸ CFU·mL^-1 and the immobilized time was 2 days, the amount of AD-3 loaded by the bacteria immobilized on rice husk biochar was the highest, the removal rate of phenanthrene can reach 8.08 mg·L^-1·h^-1. After stored at the room temperature for 21 days, the removal rate of phenanthrene by immobilization bacteria on rice husk biochar still reached 4.46 mg·L^-1·h^-1, indicating that the rice husk biochar immobilizing AD-3 not only maintained the efficient degradation of bacteria to phenanthrene and prolong the storage time of degradation microorganisms, which provides a good bioremediation functional material for the remediation of PAHs contaminated soil.