天然沸石对番茄及土壤中铅的影响

为探索沸石对轻度铅污染土壤的修复效果及农业安全生产可行性,利用盆栽试验研究了不同沸石添加量及不同沸石粒级等因素对不同生长时期番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）植株铅质量分数、累积量和土壤铅质量分数的影响。结果表明,添加天然沸石可提高土壤有效铅质量分数,不同程度地增加番茄地上部生物量,具有提高番茄茎叶铅质量分数及积累量、果实产量的趋势,也具有降低收获期根部铅质量分数及积累量的趋势。18g·kg-1是提高地上部生物量,抑制土壤铅污染、茎叶和根部铅积累的最佳沸石添加量,但有促进果实铅积累的趋势;沸石添加量为10g·kg-1则在提高土壤有效铅质量分数的同时可抑制果实铅的积累。中粒级沸石可抑制果实铅积累,大粒级为削减根部铅积累量促进茎叶铅积累的最佳沸石粒级,小粒级沸石则可抑制收获期茎叶铅的积累。

Effects on Pb in tomato and soil with natural zeolite addtion to tomato planting soil

In order to investigate the restoration effect of zeolite on Pb mildly contaminated soil and to estimate the feasibility of secure agricultural production,a pot experiment was carried out to study on the effects of addition of zeolite with different amounts and particle sizes on Pb concentration and cumulant in plant of tomato and Pb concentration in soil.Results showed that with the addition of zeolite,the available Pb concentration in soil and aboveground biomass of tomato could be increased.Adding zeolite could cause the trend that Pb concentration and cumulant in tomato stem and leaf,tomato yield increased and also lead to the trend that the Pb concentration and cumulant in tomato root decreased at harvest.18 g zeolite mixed with 1 kg soil was the best additive amount that could increase the aboveground biomass of tomato and could restrain Pb pollution on soil,Pb accumulation in tomato stem,leaf and root.However,18 g·kg-1 additive amount promoted Pb accumulation in fruit.With additive amount of 10 g·kg-1,Pb accumulation in fruit could be restrained while the available Pb concentration in soil was increased.Pb accumulation in fruit could be restrained by adding zeolite of medium particle size.Adding zeolite of maximal particle size was relatively the best way to decrease Pb cumulant in root while promote Pb accumulation in stem and leaf.Adding zeolite of minimal particle size could restraine Pb accumulation in stem and leaf.