巢湖藻类生物量季节性变化特征

在2008年对巢湖浮游藻类的生态分布进行了为期1 a的调查研究,并采用自制"藻类上浮/下沉捕集器"定量研究了水柱中藻类上浮和下沉速率的季节性变化.结果表明,蓝藻为巢湖主要的水华优势群落,但各个季节优势水华种群有所差别,春季鱼腥藻占优势,微囊藻次之;夏、秋两季微囊藻占绝对优势.5月开始,水柱中藻类生物量明显增加;8月份达到最大值,叶绿素含量全湖平均为146.37 mg.m-3.表层沉积物中藻类生物量在9.75～16.24 mg.kg-1之间,最小值出现在夏季,然后逐渐升高,最大值出现在冬季的11月.研究期间(5～10月),水柱中浮游藻类一直存在上浮和下沉现象,上浮速率在总体上呈先上升后下降的趋势,最大值出现在8月初,为0.036 8 mg.(m2.d)-1;下沉速率则呈现先缓慢上升后急剧下降的趋势,最大值出现在9月初,为0.032 1 mg.(m2.d)-1.多元逐步回归统计表明,温度是巢湖藻类生物量变化最为显著的影响因子,其次为总氮(TN)和总磷(TP).

Seasonal Variation Characteristics of Algae Biomass in Chaohu Lake

The biomass and distribution of algae community in Chaohu Lake were investigated in 2008. At the same time, the seasonal variations of algae translocation between the sediment and overlying water were also quantitative studied by self-made "algae up/down trap". Chaohu Lake was dominated by Cyanobacteria all the year, and dominant Cyanobacteria species changed in different seasons. In spring, Anabaena was the dominant species, and Microcystis was the subdominant species; In the whole summer and autumn, the dominant species is Microcystis. Algae biomass increased significantly from May and the maximum appeared in August, was 146.37 mg x m(-3) with Chl-a. The value of algae biomass were 9.75-16.24 mg x kg(-1) in the surface sediments, and the minimum appeared in Summer, then the algae biomass increased gradually with the maximum value in winter. Translocation process between the sediment and the overlying water occurred throughout the study period. The recruitment rates increased at first with the maximum rates in early August, was 0.036 8 mg x (m2 x d) (-1), and then had a downward tendency. However the sedimentation rates increased slowly firstly with the maximum rate in early September, then it decreased sharply, was 0.032 1 mg x (m2 x d)(-1). Multiple stepwise regression showed that temperature was the most significant factor for the algae biomass in Chaohu Lake, Total nitrogen (TN) and Total phosphorus(TP) are sub-important factors.