Spatio-temporal covariation of urban particle number concentration and ambient noise |
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| Authors: | Stephan Weber |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Information Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China;2. Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong;1. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, 710049, China;2. Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi''an, 710049, China;3. Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Toronto, Canada;4. Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen, 5232, Switzerland;5. Centre for Climate and Air Pollution Studies, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA;2. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA;1. Information Technology, Acoustics Group, Ghent University, St-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;2. Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium;3. Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5 bus 6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;1. Climatology and Environmental Meteorology, Institute of Geoecology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 19c, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany;2. Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany;3. Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;4. Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland |
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| Abstract: | Mobile measurements of ambient noise and particle number concentrations were carried out within an urban residential area in Essen, Germany, during summer 2008. A busy major road with a traffic intensity of about 44,000 vehicles per day was situated within the study area. The spatio-temporal distribution of noise and particles was closely coupled to road traffic on the major road. Total particle number concentrations in proximity to the main road were on average between 25,000 cm?3 and 35,000 cm?3 while sound levels reached 70–78 dB(A). These estimates were more than double-fold (factor 2.4) in comparison to the urban residential background. At a 50 m distance off the road particle number concentrations were decaying to about 50% of the initial value. The measurements were characterised by close spatial correlation between total particle number concentration and ambient noise with correlation coefficients of up to r = 0.74. However, during one measurement day coupling between both quantities was weak due to higher turbulent mixing within the canopy layer and a change in ambient wind directions. Enhanced dilution of particle emission from road traffic by turbulent mixing and ‘decoupling’ from the influence of road traffic are believed to be responsible. |
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