Study of metal concentrations in the environment near diesel transport routes |
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| Authors: | Chung-Yih Kuo Jing-Ya Wang Shih-Hsien Chang Mei-Chun Chen |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, 77 Yongbong Ro, Buk-ku, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea;2. Headquarter of Honam Region, Korea Environment Corporation, 217 Mujindae-Ro, Gwangsan-ku, Gwangju 506-813, Republic of Korea;1. Inail – Research, Certification and Control Division, Via di Fontana Candida 1, 00040 Monteporzio Catone (Rome), Italy;2. Department of Chemistry University of Rome “Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro5, 00185 Rome, Italy;1. Department of Cosmetic Science and Application, Lan Yang Institute of Technology, No. 79, Fushin Rd., Touchen Town, Yilan County 261, Taiwan, ROC;2. Apollo Technology Co., LTD, 15F-1, No. 421, Sung Shan Rd., Taipei 11083, Taiwan, ROC;3. Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., South Dist., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC;1. Assis. Prof., Department of Computer Science and Multimedia Design, Taiwan Shoufu University, Tainan, Taiwan, China;2. Assis. Prof., Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi-Nan University, Nanto County, 545, Taiwan, China;3. Prof., Dept. of Civil Engineering, National Chiayio Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, China;4. Assis. Prof., Department of Geology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan, China;1. Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan;2. College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan |
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| Abstract: | In recent years, a river-dredging project has been executed in Nantou, Taiwan. A large number of diesel vehicles carrying gravel and sand shuttle back and forth on the main traffic roads (Tai-16 and Tai-21). The purpose of this study is to figure out the levels of metals contributed by those vehicles to the surrounding environment. Eight stations along the roadside of diesel transport routes were selected as exposure sites, while a small village located about 9 km away from the diesel transport routes was selected as the control site. The mass concentrations of coarse and fine particulate matter indicated that contributions from traffic fleets resulted in a higher percentage of coarse particulate matter in the ambient air at exposure sites in comparison with that at control site. Significantly higher values of EC (elemental carbon) concentrations and ratios of EC/OC (organic carbon) at exposure sites indicate that diesel vehicles at exposure sites contributed a greater amount of pollutants than gasoline vehicles. Exposure site concentrations for all metals measured (Fe, Al, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mo and As) for fine and coarse particulate matter were all higher than those at the control site. Recorded levels of metal contents in road dust and riverside soil near Tai-16 and Tai-21 showed that while the traffic fleet did not increase the metal contents of crustal elements in the road dust, it did significantly increase the metal contents of traffic-related elements. Enrichment factors (EFs) were calculated with respect to road dust (EFroad) and with respect to the samples of riverside soil (EFriver). Among these metals, Mo was the most highly-enriched metal. The extremely high EFriver value (4300) of Mo indicates that these stations were highly polluted by diesel emission. Whereas the significantly high EFroad value (810) of Mo implies that a considerable of Mo was emitted from tailpipe of diesel vehicles. |
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