Past and future trends in concentrations of sulphur and nitrogen compounds in the Arctic |
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| Authors: | Lars R Hole Jesper H Christensen Tuija Ruoho-Airola Kjetil Tørseth Veronica Ginzburg Piotr Glowacki |
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| Institution: | 1. Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), P.O. Box 100, 2027 Kjeller, Norway;2. Norwegian Meteorological Institute (met.no), Forecasting Division for Western Norway, Norway;3. National Environmental Research Institute, Roskilde, Denmark;4. Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland;5. Russian Federal Service for Hyrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring and Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia;6. Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsawa, Poland;1. Earth Sciences Faculty, Geography, Orel State University, Komsomolskaya Street 95, 302026 Orel, Russia;2. Institute of Geological Sciences, Palaeontology, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteserstr. 74-100, Building D, 12249 Berlin, Germany;3. Mainz Academy for Science, Humanities and Literature and GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany;4. Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia;1. Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;2. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;1. Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States;2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States;3. Department of Psychology, St. Norbert College, De Pere, WI, 54115,United States;4. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada;2. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada;1. Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden;2. Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany;3. Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Wien, Austria;4. Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Recent trends in nitrogen and sulphur compounds in air and precipitation from a range of Arctic monitoring stations are presented, with seasonal data from the late 70s to 2004 or 2005. Earlier findings of declining sulphur concentrations are confirmed for most stations, while the pattern is less clear for reduced and oxidized nitrogen. In fact there are positive trends for nitrogen compounds in air at several stations. Acidity is generally reduced at many stations while the precipitation amount is either increasing or stable. Variability of sulphate concentrations in air for the period 1991–2000 is reasonably well reproduced at most stations using an Eulerian, hemispherical model. Results for nitrogen compounds are weaker. Scenario studies show that even if large sulphur emission reductions take place in important source regions in South-East Asia in the coming decades, only small changes in Arctic deposition can be expected. This is because South-East Asian emissions have small influence north of the Arctic circle. |
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