Characterization of African Dust (PM2.5) across the Atlantic Ocean during AEROSE 2004 |
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| Authors: | Braulio Jiménez-Vélez Yasmín Detrés Roy A Armstrong Adriana Gioda |
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| Institution: | 1. Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Rome, Italy;2. Department of Biology, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khould, Muscat, Oman;3. Health Care System of Karoon, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;4. ARGANS, Sophia Antipolis, France;5. Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, USA;6. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, USA;1. School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China;2. School of Economics and Management, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China;3. Hospital Management Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China;1. Spectroscopy Department, Physics Division, National Research Center, El Behooth Str., 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt;2. Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888, 21974 Taif, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden;4. Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | An Aerosol and Oceanographic Science Expedition (AEROSE) on the NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown collected PM2.5 particles from a Saharan dust storm in March 2004. High levels of PM2.5 (120 μg m?3) were measured during this Saharan storm over the Atlantic Ocean. The particles were characterized for trace element content, with Al and Fe the most abundant metals. These metals were detected in high concentrations during the Saharan event and exhibited good correlations with PM2.5, suggesting its soil origin. Other elements (Pb, Ni, Cd) did not correlate with Al and Fe, indicating their anthropogenic origin. Enrichment factor calculation conducted on these trace elements support our findings. Trace element analyses performed on particulate matter from a reference site on land in Puerto Rico (Fajardo), demonstrated similar results to those obtained in the AEROSE expedition, where high concentrations of PM2.5 and Fe were present concomitantly with Saharan events at this station. |
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