白令海峡及其附近海域气溶胶中金属元素含量特征

北极考察沿线气溶胶中金属元素质量浓度随纬度变化，其分别受到来自中国大陆粉尘及中国、日本、韩国、俄罗斯以及北美地区工业排放气溶胶的不同程度的影响.富集因子的计算结果表明，楚科奇海、日本海和白令海等海域元素的富集因子很接近. Fe，Co，Ni，As，Sb，W，Mo ，Mn和Ca与地表的风化关系密切，为地壳源元素；Ca，Mg总体为海洋源元素，主要来自海洋；Pb，Zn，Cd，V 和Cr相对地壳和海洋均为富集元素，主要可能来自矿产冶炼、工业排放、燃煤和燃油等人为污染源.北极楚科奇海、白令海、日本海、西太平洋、东印度洋、南大洋及我国中山站邻近海域海洋气溶胶中的微量重金属质量浓度均值对比表明，西太平洋气溶胶中的各种金属元素的平均质量浓度均远远高于其他地区.总体上看，北半球气溶胶受陆源性物质和人为污染源影响比南半球严重，其中楚科奇海较日本海和白令海严重，南半球气溶胶质量浓度则依纬度的升高而逐渐降低.气溶胶月总沉降通量具有明显的区域性，其大小排序为:西太平洋>楚科奇海>白令海和日本海>东印度洋>南大洋>中山站邻近海域. 

Characteristic Analysis of Trace Element Concentrations in Aerosol of Bering Strait and the Neighboring Sea Area

The concentrations of the elements on the route of the Article Research Expedition,which are affected by Asia continental dust industry aerosol from China,Japan and Korea and industrial aerosol of Russia continent and North America continent,show a change with the latitude.The result of enrichment factors indicates that the factor in Chukchi Sea is similar to Bering Sea and Japanese Sea.The elements including Fe,Co,Ni,As,Sb,W,Mo,Mn,Ca,which are related to surface weathering,are crustal elements;Ca and Mg,which are from ocean,mostly are oceanic origin;Pb,Zn,Cd,V,Cr which are richer than crust and ocean,probably mainly from anthropogenic elements such as industrial release and fuel combusting.In contrast with average concentrations(AC) of metals between Chukchi Sea,Bering Sea,Japanese Sea and Western Pacific,East Indian,Prydz Bay, the average concentrations are higher enriched in Western Pacific Ocean than those in others.In general,aerosol in Northern Hemisphere,especially in Western Pacific Ocean near Asian Continent,is affected more seriously by the continental dust and anthropogenic activity than in Southern Hemisphere.The fact in Chukchi Sea is more serious than that in Bering Sea.In the Southern Hemisphere,the average concentrations reduce with the latitude increasing.The total month deposition fluxes have such relationship: Western Pacific> Chukchi Sea> Bering Sea and Japanese Sea> East Indian Ocean> Southern Ocean> Prydz Bay,crustal elements > anthropogenic elements.