国家生态文明试验区(贵州)经济增速与植被恢复协调发展

以国家生态文明试验区(贵州)作为研究区,以植被覆盖度(FVC)作为研究对象,基于2000~2019年的NDVI数据分析了贵州省近 20年FVC的时空演变特征,利用地理探测器方法识别并量化了经济持续增速下维持植被恢复的主要驱动力,结果表明:(1)近20年来贵州省FVC整体呈增加趋势,FVC分布整体水平较高,主要以中等、中高和高度覆盖为主,三者面积占比之和约为89.7%,年均增长率为0.52%,平均FVC为0.53.(2)近20年来贵州省FVC变化趋势以轻微改善、基本不变为主,两者面积占比之和为68.94%,改善区域面积占比为57.93%,西部区域得到明显改善和提升,退化区域主要集中在城镇周边,总体动态变化趋于稳定且向好改善.(3)FVC空间分布格局演变深受人类活动与自然环境因子的双重影响,且人类活动对于植被恢复的驱动作用更强,国内生产总值(GDP)和降水是经济持续增速下维持植被恢复的人类活动与自然环境因子主导驱动力.(4)积极推动产业结构优化升级、大力推进第三产业快速发展以及不断贯彻落实退耕还林还草政策等积极的人类活动为贵州省实现经济增速与植被恢复协调发展的“双赢”局面做出了巨大贡献.

Coordinated development of economic growth and vegetation restoration in the national ecological civilization pilot zone (Guizhou)

The rapid economic development often accompanies the destruction of ecological environment, and the contradictory relationship between both cannot be effectively coordinated for a long time. Achieving the coordinated development of economic growth and vegetation restoration has been a hot research topic worldwide. In this paper, taking (Guizhou) as the study area, the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) in Guizhou (the National Ecological Civilization Pilot Zone) in the past 20 years are analyzed with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data from 2000 to 2019, and the geo-detector is used to identify the main forces for sustaining the recovery of vegetation under the continuous economic growth. Results reveal an increasing FVC trend in the past 20 years, demonstrating a medium, medium-high, and high coverage at an annual growth rate of 0.52% and an average FVC of 0.53. Secondly, the changing trend of FVC in Guizhou has been slightly improved and unchanged over the past 20 years, and the improved area accounts for 57.93%. The western region has been significantly upgraded, and the degraded areas are mainly concentrated around towns and cities. The overall dynamic changes have tended to be stable and improved. Thirdly, the evolution of the spatial distribution pattern of FVC is deeply affected by both human activities and natural environment factors, and human activities have a more substantial effect on vegetation restoration. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and precipitation are the dominant forces driving vegetation restoration under continuous economic growth. Fourthly, actively promoting the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure, vigorously promoting the rapid development of the tertiary industry, and constantly implementing the Grain for Green Project have made great contributions to the "win-win" situation of the coordinated development of economic growth and vegetation restoration in Guizhou.