三峡水库水质模型的选取和系统集成

水环境信息系统与水质模型在水环境保护中具有互为补充的作用，将它们有机结合，对水环境的预测和管理具有重要意义。根据三峡水库水污染控制的特点和水环境管理的需要，选取了5个不同的水质模型，在讨论水质模型不同集成模式的基础上，采用半紧密内嵌集成模式实现了所选水质模型与三峡水库水环境管理信息系统的有效连接。最后以分层三维模型为例，通过开发水质模型的前处理模块、后处理模块以及计算模型接口模块，完成了模型与三峡水库水环境管理信息系统的集成，并将集成后的水质模型成功应用于三峡水库万州段水流及水质的预测模拟。结果表明，通过GIS、数据库、图形界面等技术手段，实现了水质模型数据准备的自动化和计算结果快速分析，它不仅增强了系统的水质预测和分析能力，还强化了水质模型的易用性，提高了模型的应用范围和预测效率，为库区的水污染控制和水环境保护提供了有力的技术支持。

SELECTION AND SYSTEMATIC INTEGRATION OF NUMERICAL MODELS FOR WATER QUALITY FORECAST IN THREE GORGES RESERVOIR

For managing and forecasting water environment effectively, it is worthy of investigating the technologies for integrating water quality models with water environment information system because of their complementary action in water environment protection. To enhance the function of forecasting water quality in the information system on control of water pollution and management of water environment in Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), five water quality models for solving different kinds of water pollution problems existing in TGR at present are selected and integrated with the information system. With the discussion and the comparison, the advantage and disadvantage of the technologies for integrating water quality models with the information system, a semi-tight integration technology is applied to achieve the selected water quality models embedding into the information system on management of water environment in TGR. By developing the code of preprocessing module, postprocesssing module and interface module, the multi-layer finite element model makes an example of blending water quality models into the information system on management of water environment in TGR. The successful simulation of water flow fields and water quality in Wanzhou Reach of TGR computed by the integrated water quality model shows that the method of integration with the technologies of GIS, database and graphics interface both enhanced the ability of forecasting and analyzing water quality in the information system and improved the models' simulating efficiency by means of automating data preparation and date transfer as well as graphing the simulating results conveniently which also makes models much easier for users. The present work constructs an information system on management of water environment in TGR with five water quality models suitable for the actual condition of water pollution in TGR and it will servey as an effective tool for controlling water pollution and protecting water environment in TGR.