Life history of Gonatus onyx (Cephalopoda: Teuthoidea): deep-sea spawning and post-spawning egg care |
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| Authors: | B A Seibel F G Hochberg D B Carlini |
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| Institution: | (1) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Division of Marine Biology and Fisheries, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149-1098, USA Fax: 001 (305) 361-4600 e-mail: seibel@rsmas.miami.edu, US |
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| Abstract: | A reproductive strategy consisting of deep- water spawning and egg-care was inferred for the midwater squid Gonatus onyx Young, 1972. Brooding females and associated eggs and hatchlings, captured between 1250 and 1750 m depth off southern California,
are described. Brooding females appear to be senescent and lack tentacles. Large eggs of this species (3 mm) at cold temperatures
(3 °C at capture depth) may require as long as 9 mo to develop. The high lipid content of the digestive gland in adult females
of this species may provide fuel to support such an extended “brooding” period.
Received: 22 February 1999 / Accepted: 25 May 2000 |
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