北京清河水体中有机磷酸酯的污染特征与生态风险评估

为了探究城市地表水中有机磷酸酯(OPEs)污染水平和生态风险，采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用仪(UPLC-MS/MS)分析测定了北京清河地表水中10种OPEs的浓度水平和成分组成，使用相关性分析和主成分分析对地表水中OPEs进行源解析，并评估生态风险.结果表明：北京清河地表水中∑₁₀OPEs浓度范围为439.61～1 053.06 ng/L，浓度中位值为768.85 ng/L，平均值为761.77 ng/L，其中磷酸三(1-氯-2-丙基)酯(TCIPP)以及磷酸三(1-氯-2-丙基)酯(TCEP)是主要污染物.∑₁₀OPEs浓度沿河流方向呈先稳定后降低再缓慢升高的特征.源解析结果表明，污水处理厂、道路交通、建筑装饰材料及汽车维修可能是北京清河地表水中OPEs的主要来源.风险熵评估结果表明，水体中TCEP等10种OPEs的生态风险相对较低，但其引起的联合效应值得进一步关注.研究显示，北京清河地表水中OPEs污染水平相对较高，受人为活动影响较大，造成的生态风险可以忽略.

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Organophosphate Esters in Qinghe River,Beijing

In order to explore the pollution characteristics, potential sources and ecological risk of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in urban surface water, the concentrations of 10 species of OPEs in the surface water were determined using UPLC-MS/MS. The potential sources, ecological risk and spatial distribution of the OPEs in surface water of the Qinghe River was further analyzed. The pollution sources were analyzed by correlation analysis and principal component analysis, and the ecological risk was evaluated. The results showed that the concentration of ∑₁₀OPEs in surface water ranged from 439.61 to 1053.06 ng/L, the median concentration of 768.85 ng/L and the average concentration of 761.77 ng/L. Tri(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tri(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCEP) were the main pollutants. The distribution of ∑₁₀OPEs showed an obvious regional pattern, which was steady first, then decreased and then increased slowly along the direction of the Qinghe River inlet. The source analysis results revealed that sewage treatment plant, road traffic, building decoration materials and vehicle maintenance were the sources of OPEs in the surface water of the Qinghe River. The ecological risk assessment results indicate that the risk of 10 OPEs to aquatic organisms in the Qinghe River was low, but their combined effects deserved further attention. The research shows that the surface water of the Qinghe River is highly polluted by OPEs, it is greatly affected by human activities, and the ecological risks caused can be ignored.