考虑熟悉度与恐慌效应的人群引导疏散仿真算法研究*

为研究紧急情况下人群疏散行为特点，结合势场理论和多出口选择模型,建立考虑引导、熟悉度和恐慌效应的PFT-LMES人群疏散算法。通过搭建有障碍和无障碍2种室内场景，研究不同环境熟悉度以及行人密度下引导作用对人群疏散效果的影响。研究结果表明:引导作用能够提高疏散效率，平衡各出口利用率，引导效果随行人密度增加更加显著；总体疏散时间随引导强度的提高表现为先减小后增大；当接受引导的人数占总数的42%时，2出口各自选择人数与出口通行能力比例基本一致，引导效果达到最优；相对于环境熟悉度较高的人群，不熟悉环境行人的引导效果更为显著。研究结果可为大型场所的紧急高效疏散提供参考。

Study on simulation algorithm of crowdguided evacuation considering familiarity and panic effect

In order to study the characteristics of crowd evacuation behavior in emergency situation,acrowd evacuation algorithmof potential field theory and multi exit selection model with leader (PFT-LMES) considering guidance,familiarity and panic effect was established combining with the potential field theory and multiple exit selection model.Through constructing two indoor scenarios with and without obstacles,the influence of guidance effect on crowd evacuation under different environmental familiarities and pedestrian densities was investigated.The results showed that the guidance effect could improve the evacuation efficiency,the utilization rate of each exit was more balanced,and the guidance effect became more obvious with the increase of pedestrian density.The overall evacuation duration decreased first and then increased with theincrease of guidance intensity,which meant “more haste,less speed”.The optimal guidance effect was achieved when the number of people receiving guidance was 42% of the total number of people,and the ratio of the number of people selected at both exits to the exit passing capacity was approximately the same.The guidance effect was more pronounced for pedestrians unfamiliar with the environment than those with higher environmental familiarity.The results can provide a reference for the emergency and efficient evacuation of large-scale places.