基于过硫酸盐的高级氧化工艺修复有机污染土壤的研究进展

基于硫酸根自由基的高级氧化工艺(sulfate radicals based-advanced oxidation processes, SR-AOPs)因其高效、经济且环境友好等特点，在有机污染土壤的修复领域受到越来越多的关注. SR-AOPs的原理是通过活化过硫酸盐(S₂O₈^2-，PS)产生以硫酸根自由基(SO₄·^-)为主的活性氧自由基将有机污染物氧化成CO₂、H₂O和无害或危害较小的化学物质.本文概述了影响SR-AOPs修复污染土壤的因素，重点总结了SR-AOPs在总石油烃(TPHs)、多环芳烃(PAHs)、多氯联苯(PCBs)、农药等污染土壤修复中的应用，分析了污染物特征、过硫酸盐和活化剂用量、土壤与溶液比等对污染物去除效率的影响，并讨论了SR-AOPs处理对土壤生态的影响.结果表明：活化方式、pH、土壤含水量、土壤有机质等因素会影响SR-AOPs对污染土壤的修复效果.热活化、微波活化、超声波活化、碱活化、基于铁基催化剂活化等...

Persulfate Based-Advanced Oxidation Process for Organic-Contaminated Soil Remediation: A Review

Sulfate radicals based-advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) have attracted more and more attention in the field of soil remediation contaminated by organic compounds due to their high efficiency, low cost and environmental friendliness. The principle of SR-AOPs is to generate reactive oxygen radicals dominated by sulfate radicals (SO₄·?) by activating persulfate (S₂O₈2?, PS) to oxidize organic pollutants into CO₂, H₂O and harmless or less harmful chemicals. This paper outlines the factors affecting the remediation performance of SR-AOPs. The application of SR-AOPs in the remediation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and pesticide-contaminated soils is summarized. The effects of pollutant characteristics, dosage of persulfate and activator, soil and water ratio on the removal efficiency of pollutants are analyzed. It finally discusses the influence of SR-AOPs treatment on soil ecology. The results show that the activation mode, pH, soil water content and soil organic matter significantly affect the remediation performance of SR-AOPs. Thermal activation, microwave activation, ultrasonic activation, alkali activation, and iron-based catalyst activation have good applications, and heterogeneous iron-based catalysts such as zero-valent iron, iron oxide, and supported iron-based catalysts are widely used. In addition, many studies have combined SR-AOPs with other remediation techniques, such as electrodynamic remediation+PS oxidation, soil leaching+PS oxidation, microbial remediation+PS oxidation, etc., all of which have enhanced the pollutants removal to varying degrees. Chemicals such as persulfate and activator used in remediation will change the soil organic matter content, mineral composition, pH, etc., thereby affecting the activity and growth of microorganisms. The authors present the application outlook for SR-AOPs that with the deepening of relevant research, the evaluation of SR-AOPs effectiveness should not only include simple indicators, such as degradation rate and mineralization degree. It is recommended to continuously explore the degradation mechanism of pollutants, improve the conditions of SR-AOPs application, develop new and efficient activation methods, and strengthen the monitoring of soil ecological restoration.