自给正压式空气呼吸器R式呼吸法测试与应用探析

对遇险消防员迅速实施二次救援是目前减少消防员火场伤亡的重要措施。当遭遇迷失、受伤、被困等意外而依靠自身的力量无法脱险、或空气呼吸器低压报警装置起鸣时，消防员如果能延长空气呼吸器的使用时间，就能够为外部救援力量的二次救援提供宝贵的时间，为成功获救创造条件。测试采用自由呼吸和R式呼吸法两种呼吸方式下、在跑步机上以6km/h的速度快步行走和俯卧状伏于地面两种运动状态下55MPa空气的使用时间。结果证明，采用R式呼吸法较之自由呼吸时空气的使用时间更长，采用R式呼吸法俯卧状伏于地面能更有效地延长空气的使用时间。为了提高火场遇险消防员的生存机率，应将R式呼吸法作为消防员基本生存技能纳入灭火救援业务训练大纲，规范消防员火场避险行动程序，并系统化地开展实战化专项训练。

Discussion on test and application of Reilly breathing technique for self-contained breathing apparatus

Reilly emergency breathing technique,as one of basic skills of fireground survival for firefighters,can efficiently prolong the consumption time of self-contained breathing apparatus in case of disorientation,trauma or entrapment,and raise the success rate of rapid intervention. The values were tested,compared and analyzed be-tween the consumption time of 5 . 5 MPa air in cylinder with normal breathing model and Reilly emergency breathing technique in the state of running at 6 Km/h in treadmill and prone position in the field,and the proposal was put forward that the Reilly emergency breathing technique should be trained in the fire brigade and the rapid interven-tion system should be completed and implemented in order to improve the skills of breathing protection and the op-portunity of fireground survival.