绿色投资对绿色福利的影响机制研究

提升居民绿色福利是满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要的重要体现,也是建设美丽中国的根本要求。基于此背景,从绿色投资的视角,探讨提升绿色福利的路径。首先,依据Lucas-Uzawa的两部门内生增长模型,构建绿色投资对绿色福利影响的理论分析框架;其次,利用1999—2014年省际面板数据,采用Super-SBM方法测定各地区绿色福利;最后,利用系统GMM方法,结合双重差分法(DID),实证分析了绿色投资对绿色福利的影响及传导途径。结果表明:①中国各省域绿色投资与绿色福利之间在1%显著水平上呈现出正向关系,绿色投资每增加100%,居民绿色福利增加1.21%。因此,政府应当采用差异化的利率,减免税收或增加补贴等方式促进绿色投资,积极引导资金流向绿色产业,从而提升公民的绿色福利。②教育程度在1%显著水平上与绿色福利正相关,大专以上学历人口占比每增加1%,绿色福利增加7.78%。因此,政府应该扩大教育支出,增强居民受教育程度,提高公民就业机会和收入待遇。③对外开放度在1%显著水平与绿色福利正相关,且开放程度每增加一个单位,居民绿色福利提高1.91%。对外开放程度越高,越有助于进出口,促进我国国民经济发展,有助于提升绿色福利。因此,政府应当进一步扩大开放,改善进出口产品结构,提高出口技术复杂度,限制高能耗高污染产品出口。④公众诉求与绿色福利在一定水平下显著负相关,绿色福利低的地方,居民表现出更强烈的诉求。因此,政府应鼓励居民积极有序参与环境决策和监管,减少公众诉求的滞后效应。企业与公民之间需要确立共同的绿色福利目标,构建政府主导下的居民绿色消费与企业绿色创新协同机制,提升公共服务质量,完善环境和经济协同发展,实现绿色福利提升的目的。

Research on the influence mechanism of green investment on green welfare based on ecological civilization perspective

Promoting the residents’green welfare is an important manifestation of meeting the people’s growing needs for a better life,and is also the fundamental requirement of building a beautiful China.Based on this background,from the perspective of green investment,this paper explores ways to improve green welfare.First,according to Lucas-Uzawa’s two-sector endogenous growth model,this paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework of the impact of green investment on green welfare.Second,using 1999-2014 provincial panel data,Super-SBM method is used to measure the regional green welfare;finally,using system GMM method,combined with double difference method(DID),the influence of green investment on green welfare and its influence ways are analyzed.The results show that:First,there is a significant positive relationship between green investment and green welfare at 1%level in all provinces of China.For every 100%increase in green investment,the green welfare of residents increases by 1.21%.Therefore,the government should adopt differentiated interest rates,tax relief or increase subsidies to promote green investment,actively guide the flow of funds to green industries,so as to enhance the green welfare of citizens.Second,educational level is positively correlated with green welfare at a significant level of 1%.The proportion of people with college education level or above increases by 1%and green welfare increases by 7.78%.Therefore,the government should expand education expenditure,enhance residents’education level and improve citizens’employment opportunities and increase income.Third,the level of openness at 1%is positively correlated with green welfare,and the green welfare of residents increases by 1.91%for every unit of openness.The higher degree of opening to the outside world is more conducive to import and export,and will promote the development of China’s national economy and help to enhance green welfare.Therefore,the government should further expand the opening-up degree,improve the structure of import and export products,increase the complexity of export technology,and restrict the export of high energy consumption and high pollution products.Fourth,public appeal is negatively correlated with green welfare at a certain level.In places with low green welfare,residents show stronger appeal.Therefore,the government should encourage residents to participate actively and orderly in environmental decision-making and supervision,and reduce the lagging effect of public demands.In order to improve green welfare,a common goal of green welfare should be established among enterprises and citizens,a government-led coordination mechanism between residents’green consumption and enterprises’green innovation should be built,the quality of public services should be improved,and the coordinated development of environment and economy should be achieved.