广西河池铅锑矿冶炼区土壤中锑等重金属的分布特征及影响因素分析

对广西河池铅锑矿冶炼区土壤重金属污染特征进行了研究。结果表明:冶炼区土壤受到较高含量的Sb、Pb污染,As、Zn和Cu也有一定程度的污染。土壤中的w(Sb)和W(As)分别为155～30439mg/kg和27～17611mg/kg。冶炼区土壤中的重金属元素的含量与距离冶炼厂的距离有密切关系,不同重金属的衰减呈现不同的特点。研究区内三种不同类型土壤中的重金属元素呈现不同的分布特征:三种不同土壤类型Pb、As、Cu、Sb的含量关系为:水稻田>菜地>荒地。元素相关性分析表明Sb、Pb、As、Cu、Cd为密切相关的一组元素,可判定它们都与冶炼厂排放密切相关。

The Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Soil around the Hechi Antimony-Lead Smelter,Guangxi,China

The characteristics of heavy metal contamination of the soil around a smelter were investigated.The soil showed a high level of Sb and Pb contamination. Besides, contamination of As, Zn, Cu also occurred. The contents of Sb and Pb in soil are within the range of 155~30439 mg/kg and 27~17611 mg/kg, respectively,the contents of heavy metals are closely related to the distance between the sample localities and the smelter. The contents of heavy metals vary in regard to different utilizations of soil, and the contents of Pb, As, Sb, and Cu in different soils follow the order of paddy soil> vegetable soil> original soil. The contents of Pb, As, Sb, Cu, and Cd in soil show close correlations, indicating that these elements originated from smelter emission.