辽宁省境内老哈河流域产沙特征及泥沙供给模式研究

在对辽宁省境内老哈河流域土壤侵蚀研究的基础上,通过计算泥沙迁移时间确定了该流域基于栅格尺度的泥沙输移比的空间分布,最终获得该流域的产沙量,结果表明北部的老官地、哈拉道口、烧锅营子等地以及中南部河流两侧是流域内主要产沙源;选用坡度、植被盖度、土地利用类型、土壤可蚀性、距河流距离、基岩岩性等因子,建立了老哈河流域泥沙供给的数学模型,结果表明流域产沙主要与坡度、距河流距离、土地利用类型和植被盖度密切相关。因此,改变土地利用类型、提高植被盖度是防治流域致灾泥沙的关键因素。本研究对今后老哈河流域土地利用规划及泥沙治理具有一定的指导意义。

Characteristics of Sediment Yield and Supplying Pattern of the Laohahe Drainage Basin in Liaoning Province

Based on the research on soil erosion of the Laohahe Drainage Basin in Liaoning Province, the spatial distribution of sediment delivery ratio of each morphological unit is determined by calculating sediment travel time, thus the final sediment yield is acquired. The result indicates that Laoguandi, Haladaokou, Shaoguoyingzi, etc in the northern part and both sides of the rivers in the middle and southern parts are the major sources of sediment yield. The mathematical model of sediment-supplying is established by choosing slope, vegetation coverage, land-use types, soil erodability, distance to the rivers and lithology of basement rocks as influencing factors, which reveals that the sediment yield is intimately related to slope, distance to rivers, land-use types and vegetation coverage. Thus, changing land-use types and/or increasing vegetation coverage is the key measure for disaster sediment. The result is helpful to the management of land-use and prevention of disaster sediment in the Laohahe Drainage Basin in the future.