城市功能对贵阳市城区土壤重金属分布的影响

将贵阳市城区土壤按照不同功能区取样分析,研究贵阳市城区多种土地利用功能下土壤重金属累积(污染)程度及分异特征。结果表明:贵阳市城区校园土壤As(21.8mg/kg)、Ni(47.1mg/kg)和Pb(139mg/kg)含量最高,工业区土壤Cd(1.48mg/kg)和Zn(314mg/kg)含量最高,垃圾中转站土壤Cu(115mg/kg)含量最高,工业区、学校、垃圾中转站和交通十字路口土壤重金属累积较重,并已达到轻度污染,住宅、公园和广场土壤重金属累积程度较轻,处于清洁水平。工业区土壤主要污染金属为Cd、Zn和Pb,学校、交通路口土壤主要污染元素是Pb和Cd,垃圾中转站土壤主要污染元素是Cd和Zn。贵阳市城区土壤Cd、Zn和Pb受人类活动影响较大,其中土地利用功能导致贵阳市城区土壤Pb的分异程度最大。

Influences of Different Urban Functions on the Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soils of Guiyang

Soil samples were collected from different functional zones for assessing the distribution and variations of heavy metals. The results showed that soil concentrations of As(21.8 mg/kg), Ni(47.1 mg/kg)and Pb(139 mg/kg)are highest in school campuses; Cd(1.48 mg/kg)and Zn(314 mg/kg)are highest in industrial zones; Cu(115 mg/kg)is highest in municipal solid waste yards. Heavy metals are relatively seriously accumulated in soils in industrial zones, school campuses, municipal solid waste yards and road intersections. The main pollution-induced heavy metals are Cd, Pb and Cu in industrial zones, Pb and Cd in school campuses and road intersections, and Cd and Zn in solid waste yards, respectively. Cd, Zn and Pb in urban soils are relatively seriously affected by human activities and the differentiation of Pb in different functional areas is highest due to soil uses.