海洋赤潮生物原甲藻对重金属的富集机理

为了探讨海洋赤潮生物原甲藻及其藻壁多糖的重金属富集机理,用赤潮生物海洋原甲藻Prorocentrum micans活藻体和甲醛杀死的藻体分别进行重金属离子Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺、Ni²⁺、Zn²⁺、Ag⁺、Cd²⁺的生物吸附实验.重金属生物吸附动力学研究表明,吸附过程可在30min内完成,pH对吸附的影响较大,适宜范围是5.0以上.用热水法提取的藻体多糖对上述6种离子的混合液吸附量约为藻体的5倍,比较藻体与多糖对6种离子的吸附结果可知,藻体对金属离子的吸附主要是藻壁多糖的作用,红外研究表明,-OH和-CONH₂基是吸附的活性中心.机理研究对于利用赤潮生物进行重金属废水处理、赤潮的化学治理以及研究海水中重金属离子的迁移转化规律有重要的意义.

Bioaccumulation Mechanism of Red Tide Alga Prorocentrum micans for Heavy Metal Ions

Pollution of heavy metal from industrial wastewater is a worldwide environmental problem. Biosorption is an effective technology for the treatment of low concentration industrial wastewater. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the heavy metal uptake capacities of the biomass of marine red tide Prorocentrum micans. All red tide biomass used in this study were obtained from cultivation in our lab. Batch experimental results showed that living and non-living biomass of P. micans killed by CH2O were similar setting property for Cu2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Ag+ and Cd2+. This study indicated that biomass of P. micans has a high capacities for above six heavy metal and the kinetics under the conditions studied were relatively fast. About 90% of the biosorption occurred within 10 min and an equilibrium was reached in 30 min. The Biosorption capacities for heavy metal ions were strongly dependent on pH of the solution, and higher capacities were obtained at pH around 5 and higher. Bonding and FIR of P. micans polysaccharide obtained by the hot water method for Cu2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Ag+ and Cd2+ was also studied. The study indicated that -OH and -CONH2 groups were active center of biosorption.