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Foraging patterns of yellow-bellied marmosts: role of kinship and individual variability
Authors:Barbara A Frase  Kenneth B Armitage
Institution:(1) Department of Systematics and Ecology, The University of Kansas, 66045 Lawrence, Kansas, USA;(2) The Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, 81224 Crested Butte, Colorado, USA;(3) Present address: Department of Ecology, Ethology, and Evolution, University of Illinois, 61801 Urbana, Illinois, USA
Abstract:Summary Two colonies of yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris) at an elevation of 2900 m in Colorado were studied to elucidate the role of various behavioral and ecological factors as determinants of spatial foraging patterns. The locations of known individuals were periodically recorded. These locality data were plotted as three-dimensional block diagrams, the peak heights representing the frequency of observation. Predation risk and vegetation distribution influenced the location of foraging areas; kinship was an important factor in the determination of the amount of foraging area shared between individual marmots. Spatial overlap tended to be greater among close kin, but this was modified by individual behavioral characteristics, reproductive state, the existence of separate burrow systems within a colony, and the age of the animal. Mothers and juveniles, and littermates as young and resident yearlings, had nearly identical foraging areas.
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