石油化工企业生产装置静电事故分析与对策

石油化工静电事故主要与特殊介质的处理（如污油、污水、粗油、混合油等）,特殊环境或特殊工艺过程物料的处理（如设备检修或开停车期间的物料处理）等密切相关。以近十年石油化工装置发生的一些典型事故为背景,论述了石油化工企业生产装置静电事故的特点,通过典型事故的分析,提出应对措施和策略有设计不足往往是事故频发的源头;在危险暴露频率较高和风险要求较高场所,建议增设静电消除辅助设备;结合工装特点,在设备改造时适当兼顾设备的防静电技术改造,有时可以收到事半功倍的效果;编制生产装置特殊作业场所防静电规定,是抑制当前静电事故趋势的重要举措。

Analysis and countermeasures on electrostatic accident of production device in petrochemical enterprise

The electrostatic accidents of petrochemical enterprise are closely related to the processing of particular medium（such as polluted oil,polluted water,coarse oil,mixed oil,etc.）,special environment or the processing of special technology process materials（such as the materials handling in equipment servicing or start-up and shut-down process）.Taking some typical accidents of petrochemical installations occurred in recent ten years as background,the characteristics of electrostatic accident in production device of petrochemical enterprise were discussed.By the analysis on typical accidents,the countermeasures and strategy were proposed： design deficiency is often the source of frequent accidents;auxiliary equipments of electrostatic eliminating are suggested to be installed in places with higher danger exposure frequency and risk requirement;combining with tooling features,the anti-static technical renovation of equipment should be properly considered when conducting equipment modification,which can get twice the result with half the effort sometimes;programming the anti-static provisions of special working place for production devices is an important measure to restrain the current trend of electrostatic accident.