首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      


Estimating the frequency distributions of particulate matter and their metal elements in a temple
Authors:Lu Hsin-Chung  Fang Gour-Cheng  Wu Yuh-Shen
Institution:Department of Environmental Engineering, HungKuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China. hclu@sunrise.hk.edu.tw
Abstract:Air quality inside Asian temples is typically poor because of the burning of incense. This study measured and analyzed concentrations of fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM2.5-10) particulate matter and their metal elements inside a temple in central Taiwan. Experimental results showed that the concentrations of metals Cd, Ni, Pb, and Cr inside the temple were higher than those at rural, suburban, urban, and industrial areas in other studies. Three theoretical parent distributions (lognormal, Weibull, and gamma) were used to fit the measured data. The lognormal distribution was the most appropriate distribution for representing frequency distributions of PM10, PM2.5, and their metal elements. Furthermore, the central limit theorem, H-statistic-based scheme, and parametric and nonparametric bootstrap methods were used to estimate confidence intervals for mean pollutant concentrations. The estimated upper confidence limits (UCLs) of means between different methods were very consistent, because the sample coefficient of variation (CV) was < 1. When the sample CV was > 1, the UCL based on H-statistical method tended to overestimate the UCLs when compared with other methods. Confidence intervals for pollutant concentrations at different percentiles were evaluated using parametric and nonparametric bootstrap methods. The probabilities of pollutants exceeding a critical concentration were also calculated.
Keywords:
本文献已被 PubMed 等数据库收录!
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号