湖北省湿地水禽资源研究

1996年5月至2003年7月,使用直接计数法、样方法和专项调查法研究了湖北省湿地水禽资源,包括物种多样性、分布和种群数量。结果表明:湖北省共有水禽131种,隶属于7目19科58属;记录到107种,其中有黄嘴白鹭、小苇(?)、红脚苦恶鸟和长嘴剑(?)4个新记录种。按区系型分,古北界种类占优势,有80种,广布种26种,东洋种25种;按季节型分,冬候鸟为主体,有75种,夏候鸟32种,旅鸟14种,留鸟10种;按生活型分,涉禽占优势,共81种,游禽50种。湖北省水禽种群总数为159.396 9×104只,密度为101.96只/km₂;种群数量在1×104只以上的有28种。角(?)(?)等24种未发现。

Studies on Resources of Wetland Waterfowls in Hubei Province,China

Based on the field survey data obtained from May 1996 to June 2003,the resources of waterfowl in Hubei province of Central China,including species diversity,distribution and population number were studied with systematic sampling such as direct count,quadrat and special survey methods.There were 131 species of waterfowl in Hubei's wetlands,belonging to 58 genera of 19 families of 7 orders,in which 107 species were recorded in our studies,accounting for 81.68%.Four waterfowls (Egretta eulophotesjxobrychus minutus,Amaurornis akool and Char-adrius placidus)viere firstly recorded in Hubei.In terms of geographical distribution types,the Palaearctic,Cosmopolitan and Oriental species were 80,26 and 25,which accounted for 61.07%, 19.85% and 19.08% ,respectively.The Palaearctic species were dominant.According to the seasonal patterns,75 species were winter migrants,32 species were summer migrants,14 species were traveling birds and 10 species were resident birds.They took up 57.25% ,24.43% , 10.69% and 7.63% respectively .The Grallatores with 81 species were the dominant lifetypes,and 50 species were Natatores.About 159.396 9×104 individuals were estimated as the total number of waterfowl in Hubei province and the density was 101.96 individuals per km₂.Among these waterfowls,the number of Fulica atra was the highest with 15.345×104 individuals,and there were 28 species whose population numbers were more than 1×104 individuals, in which 3 species such as Fulica atra,Egretta garzetta and Tachybaptus ruficollis were all above 10×104 individuals. Twenty-four species were not recorded within our investigation,indicated that they might have been extinct or be very endangered in Hubei wetlands.