武汉市饮用水中挥发性卤代烃分布规律与特性研究

本文首次对武汉市不同季节饮水中卤代烃的种类和含量分布特性进行了调查和研究。调查与研究结果表明,武汉市水厂水源卤代烃含量范围为0.02—0.55μg/l,年平均含量低于0.2μg/1,水源水经氯化消毒处理后,出厂水卤代烃含量增加高达百倍,含量范围是1.3—6.20μg/l,年平均含量为13.9μg/l。饮水中卤代烃的主要成份是氟仿,约占卤代烃总量的90％。自来水加热至沸时,卤代烃含量增加约一倍。自来水中卤代烃主要来自源水氯化消毒过程中的卤仿反应,影响卤代烃含量的主要因素是源水水质。保护水厂水源提高水源,水质是解决武汉市饮水卤代烃污染的主要途径。

Distribution and Characteristics of halohydrocarbons in Drinking Water in Wuhan

Raw and finished Water samples taken from 10 water plants, in Wuhan City involving different wate rsourceswere analysedw ith gas chromatography for measuring halohydrocarbons. The Results showed that halohydrocarbons level in water increased obviously after disinfection (chlorination) ;Halohydrocarbons concentration Varied with seasons, and rose sharply in summer.When heating finiched water to boiling point, the concentratiou of halohydrocarbons is twice as high as original one.The study showed the halohydrocarbons in finished water come mainly from haloform reaction during the chlorinating disinfection process of raw water.The main factor influencing the concentration of halohydrocarbons in finished water is the quality of intake water.Approaches to halohydrocarbons control and the Steps to tackle the contamination problems are also discussed.