Development of a novel hybrid microwave-heater reactor for paper-based waste treatment |
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Authors: | Yasunori Ohtsu Ryuzo Yamada Hiroshi Urasaki Tatsuya Misawa Sebastian Popescu Hiroharu Fujita |
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Institution: | (1) Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden;(2) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University, Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; |
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Abstract: | It is necessary to develop a medical waste management system featuring nonburning treatment and safety functions for small
medical institutions. In this article, the development of a waste management system without oxygen injection was achieved
by means of hybrid heating using microwave energy and an electric heater. The shape of the microwave reactor was a rectangular
parallelepiped with a volume of about 0.1 m3. In the experimental setup, microwave energy (2.45 GHz, about 800 W) was injected from the top of the reactor, while the
heater (about 1 kW) was located at the bottom. Heat insulators were set into all the walls of the reactor. The gases generated
in the system were vented through water and activated carbon. Five paper-based diapers with absorbed water were used as the
waste sample. For the evaluation of performance, the reduction rate was defined as the ratio (in percent) of the weight before
and after treatment. The reduction rate as a function of treatment time and the effect of the position of the waste in the
reactor on the reduction rate and the uniformity of treatment were examined for about 3 kg of waste. It was found that the
reduction rate reached as low as 4.2% at 3 h and then 3% after 8 h. The treated profile strongly depended on the position
of the waste in the reactor. In particular, it was clarified that a metal cylindrical enclosure and a needle electrode played
an important role in attaining uniform treatment of the waste. |
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