A decision support system for the implementation of the Water Framework Directive in the Netherlands: Process,validity and useful information |
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Institution: | 1. Tropenbos International, The Netherlands;2. Center for Integrated Area Studies, Kyoto University, Japan;3. Utrecht University, The Netherlands;4. Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, The Netherlands;1. Department of Spatial Planning & Environment, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, 9700AV Groningen, The Netherlands;2. Research and Development Center of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266071 Qingdao, China |
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Abstract: | This paper discusses the development and use of the first version of the WFD Explorer (WFDE), a decision support system (DSS) for the implementation of the Water Framework Directive in the Netherlands. The paper's aim is to increase our understanding of the development process of DSSs and the impact the development process has on the perceived validity and usefulness of the DSS. In other words, whether the DSS is seen as representing reality correctly and as fit for purpose and user-friendly. Contrary to the expectations, the WFDE was not used much. Tensions in the development process over the intended users, the level of analysis, the level of ambition and the type of expertise to be included have contributed to doubts over its usefulness and validity. These tensions reflect general tensions in river basin management: different actors will prefer different approaches, and none of these is objectively the best. Whereas guidelines for the development of DSSs can increase awareness of these tensions, resolving these tensions is beyond the power of the developers to control. Guidelines have their use, but also their limitations, simply because they are general and circumstances differ from case to case. |
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Keywords: | Decision support systems Modelling The Netherlands River basin management Water Framework Directive |
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