天然气储气罐破坏效应分析

针对城市天然气储气罐的不断兴建与发展趋势的大型化,对于已建和待建储罐区对周围环境的潜在安全性问题,指出运用破坏伤害范围评价法可直观地预测破坏效应。通过对储罐爆炸释放能量的估算,采用模拟比法结合TNT爆炸试验数据计算出距离储气罐不同距离处爆破冲击波超压值,运用超压准则模拟预测出不同规格、储压下储罐爆破破坏伤害严重程度及危及半径范围;采用世界银行推荐的危害关系式,结合伤害破坏等级分析天然气爆炸破坏效应并与爆破效应比较。5000m3储气罐、储压1.20MPa下,储罐爆破和天然气爆炸危及距离分别可达144.0m和247.7m。依据预测结果,可将罐区周围划分不同区域,为实际工程中罐区选址、建设、安全距离确定及安全预案制定提供参考。

Explosive Detrimental Effect Analysis of Natural Gas Storage Tanks

In view of the increasing of natural gas storage tanks and their development trend to large scale, their potential damaging risk to the surroundings becomes more serious. For this reason, a destruction range assessment method to forecast the detrimental effect of explosion is proposed. Firstly, the explosion energy of the storage tank is estimated and the explosion shock wave superpressure values at different distance from the tank are calculated by using simulation and TNT experimental data. Secondly, the explosive detrimental effects and diameter are forecasted by using the overpressure criterion and the harmful relations recommended by World Bank. Taking a storage tank with volume of 5 000 m3 and pressure of 1.20 MPa as the example, the safety distance for physical explosion is 144.0 m, and the one for the chemical explosion is 247.7 m. This study provides reference for the selecting of tank location, determining of tank safety distance and the dividing of different regions and the compiling of emergency plan.