Capture-ready coal plants—Options,technologies and economics |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory for Energy and the Environment, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;2. Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;1. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory – Joint Global Change Research Institute, 5825 University Research Court, College Park, MD, 20740, United States;2. ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, NJ 08801, United States;1. JGC Corporation, 2-3-1, Minato Mirai, Nishiku, Yokohama, 220-6001, Japan;2. Quintessa Japan, 2-3-1, Minato Mirai, Nishiku, Yokohama, 220-6007, Japan;3. Mckinley Consulting, Oberer Rainweg 15, 5070 Frick, Switzerland;4. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Namiki 1-2-3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8564, Japan;5. Center for Low Carbon Society Strategy, JST, 7 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo102-0076, Japan;6. Global CCS Institute, Level2, 64 Allara st, Canberra Act 2601 Australia;1. Université de Toulouse, UPS, INSA, LMDC, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France;2. Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., LTD, 22 Doosan Volvo-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, South Korea;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0300, USA;1. TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Lessingstraße 45, 09599 Freiberg, Germany;2. Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Alameda Urquijo 4, 48008 Bilbao, Spain;3. Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Systems Analysis and Technology Evaluation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany |
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| Abstract: | This paper summarizes the spectrum of options that can be employed during the initial design and construction of pulverized coal (PC), and integrated gasification and combined cycle (IGCC) plants to reduce the capital costs and energy losses associated with retrofitting for CO2 capture at some later time in the future. It also estimates lifetime (40 year) net present value (NPV) costs of plants with differing levels of pre-investment for CO2 capture under a wide range of CO2 price scenarios. Three scenarios are evaluated—a baseline supercritical PC plant, a baseline IGCC plant and an IGCC plant with pre-investment for capture. This analysis evaluates each technology option under a range of CO2 price scenarios and determines the optimum year of retrofit, if any. The results of the analysis show that a baseline PC plant is the most economical choice under low CO2 prices, and IGCC plants are preferable at higher CO2 prices (e.g., an initial price of about $22/t CO2 starting in 2015 and growing at 2%/year). Little difference is seen in the lifetime NPV costs between the IGCC plants with and without pre-investment for CO2 capture. This paper also examines the impact of technology choice on lifetime CO2 emissions. The difference in lifetime emissions become significant only under mid-estimate CO2 price scenarios (roughly between $20 and 40/t CO2) where IGCC plants will retrofit sooner than a PC plant. |
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