Insecticide and tillage effects on pest and non-pest arthropods in corn agroecosystems |
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| Institution: | 1. Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, 3205 College Ave., Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA;2. BioFrontiers, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, CO 80303, USA;3. United States Department of Agriculture/ARS Australian Biological Control Laboratory, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Entomology, 41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, Queensland 4102, Australia;1. Department of Entomology and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA;2. Department of Entomology and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI, USA;3. Current address: Plant Science Department, California Polytechnic University – Pomona, Pomona, CA, USA;4. Current address: Biological Sciences Department, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, USA;1. Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warsaw, Poland;2. Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, 31-016 Cracow, Poland;3. State Museum of Natural History, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Teatral’na St. 18, UA 79008, L’viv, Ukraine;4. University of Agriculture, A. Mickiewicz 21, 31-120 Cracow, Poland |
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| Abstract: | Effects of carbamate and organophosphate insecticides, tillage and previous cropping history on pest and non-target soil arthropods in corn are reported. Also, degradation patterns of organophosphate insecticide were quantified in plowed and no-tillage systems. Overall, tillage and cropping sequence had greater effects on arthropod communities than did insecticide treatments. Rootworm (Diabrotica sp.) damage was less in no-tillage than in plowed systems. There was no significant difference between insecticides in affecting rootworm damage. The organophosphate-treated corn had less black cutworm (Agrostis ipsilon) damage than did the carbamate-treated corn. Cryptostigmata mite density was highest in no-tillage systems. In contrast, non-cryptostigmata mite density was highest in fallow—plowed systems. The carbamate insecticide had a greater negative effect on overall mite density than did the organophosphate compound. With respect to soil macroarthropods, herbivore numbers were highest in plowed systems and lowest in no-tillage systems. Spider numbers were highest in the no-tillage systems. The organo-phosphate insecticide degraded more rapidly in the no-tillage compared to the plowed systems; however, this difference did not appear to affect arthropod numbers. |
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