T型槽密封结构的有限元分析及试验验证

目的通过有限元分析,实现T型密封结构的优化设计。方法利用ABAQUS建立液压系统用T型槽密封结构的二维轴对称模型,分析计算密封结构中过渡圆角、槽宽、倾斜角度等对密封圈应力分布、接触应力的影响,通过设计密封圈老化寿命试验,验证分析结论。结果随着过渡圆角(R0.5～R2)的增大、倾斜角度(10°～3°)的减小,密封圈的局部应力最大值和接触应力均减小。随着槽宽(10～18mm)的增加,密封圈的局部应力最大值逐渐增加,接触应力逐渐减小。分析用密封结构的接触应力均大于密封介质压力0.7 MPa。最终通过试验证实了分析用密封结构均满足密封性能,且不合理的设计会降低密封圈寿命。结论在密封介质压力较小的情况下,建议选用较大的过渡圆角(推荐值为R2),较小的倾斜角度(推荐值为5°～6°)及槽宽(推荐值为密封圈截面直径的1.2～1.5倍)。

Finite Element Analysis and Test Verification of T-groove Seal Structure

The paper aims to optimize the design of T-type seal structure by finite element analysis. In this paper, a two-dimensional axisymmetric model of T-groove seal structure for hydraulic system was established by ABAQUS. The effects of transition fillet, groove width and inclination angle on the stress distribution and contact stress of the seal ring were analyzed and calculated. The analysis conclusion was verified by designing aging life test of the seal ring. With the increase of transition fillet (R0.5~R2) and the decrease of inclination angle (10°~3°), the maximum local stress and contact stress of the sealing ring decreased; while with the increase of groove width (10~18 mm), the maximum local stress of the sealing ring increased and the contact stress decreased gradually. The contact stress of the sealing structure was larger than that of the sealing medium pressure by 0.7 MPa. Finally, it was proved by experiments that the sealing structure used for analysis satisfied the sealing performance, and unreasonable design would reduce the life of the sealing ring. In case of low pressure of sealing medium, it is recommended to select big transition fillet (recommended value of R2), small inclination angle (recommended value is 5°~6°), small slot width (recommended value is 1.2~1.5 times of the diameter of sealing ring cross section).