Eco-labeling and information asymmetry: a comparison of five eco-labels in the Netherlands |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Bioeconomics, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 E-box 2411, 3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium;2. LICOS, KU Leuven, Waaistraat 6-box 3511, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;3. Behavioral Ethics Lab, Philosophy, Politics and Economics, University of Pennsylvania, 249S. 36th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States;1. Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Florida, United States of America;2. Department of Family, Youth & Community Sciences, University of Florida, United States of America;3. Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, United States of America;1. University of Paris 13, France;2. University of Poitiers, France |
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| Abstract: | Eco-labels have become commonplace instruments of self-regulation. This paper analyzes five food labels with respect to the reliability of their information. A new method to analyze reliability is developed. For each label, four aspects are examined: (1) mention of biodiversity; (2) reference to rule of law to assure buyers’ confidence; (3) notification of farmers’ compliance; and (4) information on ecological impact. The analysis reveals that eco-labels fail to communicate adequately; they do not diminish the information gap between seller and buyer. The main shortcomings of the eco-labels were found in their ambiguity about environmental themes, their failure to assure the buyer about the product's ecological impact, the insufficient information about producers’ compliance, and presence of recommendations. |
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