京津冀地区典型印刷企业VOCs排放特征及臭氧生成潜势分析

本研究在京津冀地区选取23家典型印刷企业进行调研,并对其中具备采样条件的企业通过气袋采样-GC-MSD/FID采集及分析系统,获得48组分析结果,定量分析了京津冀地区印刷企业VOCs的排放特征,并估算其臭氧生成潜势.结果表明,各企业排气筒有组织排放的VOCs(以非甲烷总烃表征)浓度差异很大,包装印刷企业VOCs排放浓度范围为29. 9～755. 0 mg·m~(-3),出版物印刷企业VOCs排放浓度范围为3. 3～99. 0 mg·m~(-3);各企业车间印刷工位中,包装印刷企业VOCs排放浓度在129. 7～958. 4 mg·m~(-3)之间,出版物印刷企业VOCs排放浓度范围为19. 1～113. 7 mg·m~(-3);包装印刷企业排放的VOCs浓度普遍高于出版物印刷企业,这与其使用溶剂型油墨有关. VOCs组分构成方面,包装印刷和出版物印刷企业印刷工位排放的VOCs中,含氧VOCs均为首要VOCs种类,占比在32. 6%～99. 4%之间,其次是烷烃.臭氧生成潜势方面,印刷企业臭氧生成潜势(OFP值)平均值为505. 5 mg·m~(-3),其中包装印刷企业为564. 1 mg·m~(-3),出版物印刷企业为52. 9 mg·m~(-3);臭氧生成系数(SR值)平均值为1. 24 g·g-1,其中包装印刷企业为1. 70 g·g-1、出版物印刷企业为0. 89 g·g-1.从OFP值和SR值可以看出,包装印刷企业应作为未来京津冀地区印刷行业VOCs管控的重点.

Emission Characteristics and Ozone Formation Potential of VOCs in Printing Enterprises in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

In this study, 23 typical printing enterprises were selected in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. Through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/flame ionization detection (GC-MS/FID), 46 sets of analysis results were obtained to quantitatively analyze the emissions characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the ozone generation potential of these printing enterprises. The results show that the emission concentrations of total VOCs (TVOCs) in exhaust funnels of the printing enterprises varied greatly, ranging from 3.3 mg·m^-3 to 755.0 mg·m^-3. In the printing stations of printing enterprises, the emission concentrations of VOCs were 129.7-958.4 mg·m^-3 and 19.1-113.7 mg·m^-3 in packaging and printing enterprises and publications printing enterprises, respectively. The concentration of VOCs emitted by packaging and printing enterprises was significantly higher than that of publications printing enterprises, which is related to the use of solvent-based inks. In terms of VOC composition, oxygen-containing VOCs were the primary type of those emitted by the printing station of packaging and printing enterprises and publications printing enterprises, which accounted for a ratio of 32.6%-99.4%, followed by alkanes. In terms of ozone generation potential, the average of ozone formation potential (OFP) of the printing enterprises was 505.5 mg·m^-3, in which the packaging and printing enterprises was 564.1 mg·m^-3, and the publication printing enterprises was 52.9 mg·m^-3. The average VOC source reactivity (SR) emitted from the printing process was 1.24 g·g^-1; that is, 1.24 g of O₃ was formed owing to the unit mass of VOC emission, of which the packaging and printing enterprises was 1.70 g·g^-1, and the publication printing enterprises was 0.89 g·g^-1. According to the OFP and SR, the use of environmentally friendly ink can reduce the generation of O₃ and promote air quality improvement.