土壤调理剂对镉污染稻田修复效果

选用森美思、CCT01、矿物质和特贝钙这4种土壤调理剂,在萍乡地区受镉(Cd)污染稻田开展大田控镉试验,探讨4种调理剂对土壤pH、容重、有机质、速效养分、质地和微团聚体等理化性质及土壤有效态Cd和糙米Cd含量的影响.研究结果表明与对照相比,添加土壤调理剂提高了土壤pH值、容重和阳离子交换量;其中森美思和CCT01土壤调理剂使土壤粉粒和黏粒增加,砂粒减少,而矿物质和特贝钙土壤调理剂使粉粒和黏粒减少,砂粒增加;除CCT01土壤调理剂外,施用土壤调理剂增加了大粒级团聚体,而减少小粒级微团聚体.土壤调理剂对土壤理化性质的影响促进污染土壤中的Cd由活性高的形态向活性低的形态转化,从而降低了土壤有效态Cd含量(5. 21%～34. 78%)和糙米中Cd含量(51. 39%～68. 06%).相关性分析表明,糙米Cd含量与土壤有效态Cd和有效磷呈显著的正相关关系,而与土壤pH和容重呈显著的负相关关系.从土壤和糙米降镉率及对理化性质的影响考虑,特贝钙土壤调理剂修复效果最佳,其次是森美思和矿物质土壤调理剂.

Remediation of Cadmium Contaminated Paddy Fields Using Soil Conditioners

Four soil conditioners, SAMMNS, CCT01, Mineral, and Tebeigai were selected for this study. The effects of the four conditioners on soil pH, bulk density, organic matter, available nutrients, texture, microaggregates, Cd available in soil, and Cd content in brown rice were investigated using field-controlled cadmium tests conducted in cadmium-contaminated paddy fields in Pingxiang. The results showed that compared to the control, soil conditioners could increase pH, bulk density, and cation exchange capacity in soil. SAMMNS and CCT01 soil conditioners increased the amount of silt and clay, but that of sand decreased, whereas the Mineral and Tebeigai soil conditioners decreased silt and clay, and sand increased. In addition to the CCT01 soil conditioner, the application of soil conditioners increased large-scale agglomerates and reduced small-scale microaggregates. The effects of soil conditioners on soil physical and chemical properties promoted the conversion of Cd from contaminated soil from high activity to low activity, which reduced available Cd content in soil (5.21%-34.78%) and Cd content in brown rice (51.39%-68.06%). Correlation analysis showed that Cd content in brown rice was significantly positively correlated with available Cd and available phosphorus in soil, whereas it was negatively correlated with pH and bulk density in soil. Considering the effects of soil and brown rice on cadmium reduction and physicochemical properties, Tebeigai soil conditioner exhibited the best repair effects, followed by SENMES and Mineral soil conditioner.