厌氧膜生物反应器处理含盐废水运行效能及膜污染特性

采用厌氧膜生物反应器(anaerobic membrane bioreactor,An MBR)处理模拟含盐有机废水,研究盐度变化对反应器运行效能及膜污染特性的影响.结果表明,当进水盐度逐渐增加但低于9. 1 g·L~(-1)时,反应器运行稳定,出水效果良好;当盐度增加至10 g·L~(-1),反应器COD去除率、产气量及甲烷含量都明显下降;污泥浓度、污泥体积指数(SVI)、溶解性微生物产物(SMP)和胞外聚合物(EPS)均随盐度增加而先升后降,污泥絮体紧密,沉降性良好.中空纤维膜组件在118 d内运行了3个周期,随着盐度增加膜运行周期由31 d延长为48 d,膜污染有所减缓.用SEM-EDX分析发现膜面污染物中有类似结晶状物质,Na、Mg、Al、Si、Cl、K、Ca和Fe为主要无机元素.三维荧光光谱(EEM)分析表明,蛋白质与腐殖酸是膜面有机污染物的主要成分.

Performance and Membrane Fouling Properties in an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor for Salty Wastewater

In the research, an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was used to treat simulated salty organic wastewater, and the effect of salinity on reactor performance and membrane fouling properties was investigated. The results indicated that when the influent salinity increased gradually but was lower than 9.1 g·L^-1, the reactor ran stably and the effluent performance was good. When the salinity increased to 10 g·L^-1, the COD removal-efficiency, gas production, and methane content decreased significantly; meanwhile, the sludge concentration, sludge volume index (SVI), soluble microbial products (SMP), and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) levels became elevated at first and then declined with the rising salinity. The system developed compact flocs and a high settling ability. The hollow fiber membrane module was run for three cycles in 118 d. The membrane operating cycle was extended from 31 d to 48 d with the increasing salinity, which favored the control of membrane fouling. SEM-EDX analysis results revealed that there were similar crystalline substances in the film membrane foulants, and Na, Mg, Al, Si, Cl, K, Ca, and Fe were the main inorganic elements. Excitation emission matrix (EEM) analysis results demonstrated that proteins and humic acids were the main components of the organic membrane foulants.