深圳湾典型有机氯农药的生物累积及其人体健康风险

位于深圳与香港之间的深圳湾是一个典型的亚热带海湾,在过去的二、三十年间,海湾的生态环境发生了巨大变化.为了更好地理解深圳湾有机氯农药(OCPs)的污染现状及其生物累积规律,于2004年2月采集了该海域23个鱼类、虾类、蟹类生物样品,分析了其体内滴滴涕(DDT)、六六六(HCH)和氯丹(CHL)各组分的含量,并对其人体健康风险进行了初步评价.结果表明,深圳湾海域鱼类DDTs、HCHs和CHLs含量范围分别为1.84～286.83、0.08～1.85、0.45～118.81ng·g-1ww(鲜重),肉食性鱼类OCPs含量通常较高;与其它海区相比,深圳湾海域水生生物体中DDTs的含量相对较高,部分鱼类样品中DDTs含量超过我国海洋生物质量国家标准(GB18421-2001)的二级标准,HCHs和CHLs则相对较低;生物体中DDTs、HCHs、CHLs的含量与其脂含量呈显著正相关(p<0.01);鱼类中DDTs、HCHs和CHLs的危害指数(HR)分析显示,目前食用深圳湾鱼类对人体正常健康(非癌症)基本无影响,但却存在潜在的致癌风险.

Levels of Organochlorine Pesticides in Organisms from Deep Bay and Human Health Risk Assessment

Located between Shenzhen and Hong Kong,Deep Bay is a typical subtropical bay and its environment witnessed a great change in the past two decades. In this study,dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane(DDT),hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)and chlordane(CHL)were measured in 23 aquatic organism samples(fishes,shrimps and crabs)collected from Deep Bay,South China. Results showed that,the concentrations of DDTs,HCHs and CHLs in fishes were in the range of 1.84~286.83,0.08~1.85 and 0.45~118.81ng·g-1ww,respectively. Carnivorous fish generally showed a higher OCPs residue levels. Compared with those reported in other waters,organisms collected from Deep Bay had relatively higher DDT concentrations,and relatively lower HCH and CHL concentrations. The DDTs levels in some fishes from Deep Bay exceeded the Grade 2 of the National Marine Biological Quality Standard of China(GB 18421-2001). A significantly positive relationship between OCPs concentrations and percent lipid in the organisms was observed. Calculated Hazard Ratios(HR)indicated that DDTs,HCHs and CHLs in the fishes did not threaten normal human health,but DDTs and CHLs in fishes existed potential cancerization risk to humans.