不同土壤类型下Cd和Pb在水稻籽粒中累积特征及其环境安全临界值

研究水稻籽粒对土壤重金属的累积特征和水稻产地土壤重金属安全临界值,可为水稻安全生产和产地安全适宜性评价提供重要参考。以杂交籼稻KU818作为材料,通过外源添加不同质量分数的Cd和Pb,于2008年在南京采用盆栽试验方法,研究不同土壤类型下水稻籽粒对土壤重金属Cd和Pb的累积特征及其环境安全临界值。结果显示,水稻籽粒对重金属的累积量总体上随着外加重金属质量分数的增加而呈现增多趋势,籽粒中重金属含量与处理水平及盆栽土壤中重金属有效态含量呈现显著或极显著正相关。籽粒对Cd、Pb的累积特征呈现出土壤类型之间的显著差异,水稻土栽培下,籽粒对重金属的累积高于潮土栽培下的。根据国家《食品中污染物限量（GB 2762-2005）》标准中重金属的限量标准和水稻籽粒重金属的累积特征推算出水稻产地（潮土和水稻土）安全临界值：Cd为1.63 mg·kg^-1和0.74 mg·kg^-1,Pb为230 mg·kg^-1和110 mg·kg^-1,均高于国家《食用农产品产地环境质量评价标准（HJ 332-2006）》的指标。结果表明,由于临界值在土壤类型之间差异较大,制定统一的农产品产地重金属限量标准还需结合当地土壤性质加以评价。

Accumulation characteristics of Cd and Pb in rice grain and their security threshold values in paddy field under different soil types

Increasing publics attentions have been paid to the concerns of toxic heavy metals contamination of human food.Rice is the most important staple food in China,and the highway construction has developed quickly during the last decades,implying a contamination high risk of rice sown around the roadsides.To learn the accumulation characteristics of toxic heavy metals in rice grain growing around the highway and their safety threshold will contribute a great to rice cropping with high safety and environmental s...