浙江省港湾区资源及其可持续利用研究

港湾是海洋资源的富集区，是海水增养殖、发展海洋产业的基地。本文以浙江省象山港、三门湾和乐清湾为例，分析了港湾区的海洋生物、海涂、潮汐能和港口资源的特征，对港湾区资源开发原则及资源的可持续利用问题进行了深入的探讨。

RESOURCES AND THEIR SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATIONIN GULF AREAS OF ZHEJIANG PROVINCE

Abstract Gulf area concentrated by marine resources serves as a base for seawater aquiculture, ocean resources exploitation and ocean industrial development. Three main semi closed gulfs, Xiangshan gulf, Sanmen gulf and Leqing gulf in Zhejiang Province have four superiority resources: (a) abundant marine living resources with annual average bioma 76.57g/m₂ and 558.9/m₂ of perch density in intertidal zone of gulfs. There are 124 species of fish, 30 species of shrimp, and 49 species of crab. Hydrologic environment of gulfs is suitable for breeding shellfish and seawater aquiculture. (b) Tidal flat area of 687.2km₂ or 38.21% of the total three gulf areas. Of which tidal flat in middle and low tidal zone constitudes the majority, occupying 90 2%. (c) Great tidal range with tidal energy gradually becoming larger from mouth to top of the gulfs. The largest tidal range is distributed in Leqing gulf with average tidal range being 4 2m, and the largest, 8 43m. There are many islands in the mouth of the three gulfs which are favorable for the construction of tidal power stations. (d) Gulf surrounded by mountains from three sides. There are many natural harbours in the three gulfs such as Jiantiao harbour in Sanmen gulf and Damaiyu harbour in Leqing gulf.Resources in gulf area are veried. They are concentrated in distribution but interdependent and interactive. Exploitation of resources must follow with two principles:(a)comprehensive development dominated by exploitation of superiority resources; and (b)ecological economy.