湛江电厂温排水对滨海水体生态环境的影响

2011年1月对湛江电厂温水排放口附近水域的生态环境进行了采样调查,分析了温排水对受纳水体的水温、溶解氧、营养盐、叶绿素a以及浮游植物的细胞密度、群落组成多样性和均匀度的影响。结果表明:电厂温排水主要影响表层水且范围较小;溶解氧虽随水温的变化稍有变化,但含量均在5.00 mg/L以上,符合渔业水域水质标准;温排水促进了受纳水体的富营养化,自然水温处至排水口中心,营养盐(无机氮、活性磷酸盐)、叶绿素a和浮游植物的细胞密度、种类数呈递增趋势;从浮游植物群落的多样性指数和均匀度分析,温排水提高了群落的多样性和抗干扰能力;在对浮游植物与主要环境因子间的偏相关性分析发现,浮游植物细胞密度和水温呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.941 8(p<0.01),与活性硅酸盐呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.892 4(p<0.05),与其他因子相关性不明显。

The Effects of Thermal Discharge From Zhanjiang Power Plant on Marine Ecologic Environment

The ecologic environment of receiving sea area that influenced by the thermal discharge of Zhanjiang power plant had been investigated in January 2011.To assess the effects of thermal discharge,the water temperature,dissolved oxygen,nutrients,chlorophyll a,phytoplankton abundance,the species diversity and the evenness indices were analyzed.The results showed that: the thermal discharge of power plant mainly affected the surface water in small range.The contents of dissolved oxygen in all the surveyed area were above 5.00 mg/L,although it varied with the water temperature slightly,still met the water quality standard of fishery.The eutrophication of water body was promoted by the thermal discharge.The content of nutrient(dissolved inorganic nitrogen and activated phosphate) and chlorophyll a increased gradually from the area of natural temperature to outfall of power plant,as well as the density and the species diversity of phytoplankton.In terms of the diversity index and the evenness indices,the species diversity and the tamper-resistant capability had been promoted by thermal discharge.The partial correlations analysis had led to a conclusion that the density of phytoplankton was significant positive relative to the temperature of water body,and the coefficient correlation was 0.941 8(p<0.01).Meanwhile,the density of phytoplankton was negative correlative to the silicate with the coefficient correlation of-0.892 4((p<0.05).No obvious correlation was found with other factors.