基于遥感的呼伦湖水体动态监测研究

湖泊是地球重要的淡水资源,其时空动态监测对于水资源的合理利用和保护具有重要意义。呼伦湖是内蒙古第一大湖,在草原生态环境保护中举足轻重。该研究选用1975-2011年间的14景Landsat遥感影像和Aster GDEM高程数据,应用水体指数,在精确提取湖泊边界的基础上,尝试估算了呼伦湖的平均水深和蓄水量,探讨了呼伦湖面积、平均水深、水量的动态变化规律及其相关关系;并结合降水、蒸发等气候数据,揭示了呼伦湖水体变化的原因。结果表明:呼伦湖水体发生了明显的萎缩,尤其进入21世纪,萎缩速度明显加快;其水域面积、平均水深和蓄水量都表现出明显的涨落周期;蓄水量与水域面积、平均水深之间均存在较显著的正相关关系,为呼伦湖遥感动态监测和预测提供了一个简单有效的方法。

Spatio-temporal Monitoring of Hulun Lake Using Remote Sensing

Hulun Lake,the largest and most important lake in Inner Mongolia,plays an essential role in balancing the economic development and eco-environmental conservation of the great grassland in Inner-Mongolia.A dynamic monitoring for investigation of the lake’s spatial and temporary vicissitudes was conducted in terms of its area,mean depth and volume by use of 14 satellite images covering the years from 1975-2011 and the elevation data of Aster GDEM.The findings revealed a remarkable shrinking of water body especially starting of the 21st century,a distinct periodic variation with respect to lake’s area,mean depth and volume,and positive correlations that existed between lake’s volume and mean depth and between lake’s volume and water area.