Renewable Cellulose Derived Carbon Nanospheres as Nucleating Agents for Polylactide and Polypropylene |
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Authors: | Margaret J Sobkowicz John R Dorgan Keith W Gneshin Andrew M Herring J Thomas McKinnon |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA |
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Abstract: | Nucleation of polylactide and polypropylene using novel renewable resource biobased carbon nanospheres (CNS) is investigated
using differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy. Isothermal studies near the optimal crystallization
temperature demonstrate at least a five-fold increase in crystallization rate in PP but only a 1.4 times faster crystallization
in PLA. Non-isothermal studies reveal an asymptotic relationship of the maximum crystallization temperature with increasing
CNS weight loading in PP and no relationship in PLA. Microscopy indicates some aggregation in the solution blended samples
and that average spherulite size is reduced 10-fold due to faster nucleation in the composites as compared to the neat polymer.
The fractional crystallinity achieved during non-isothermal crystallization increases by about 7% with addition of a small
amount of CNS and decreases with weight loading higher than 1%. The crystallization rates obtained in polypropylene are competitive
with widely used mineral talc nucleating agents. |
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Keywords: | Polylactide Crystallization kinetics Biopolymers Polymer composites |
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