磁混凝对市政污水中抗生素抗性基因和重金属抗性基因的削减效能

污水中抗性基因给环境和人类健康带来潜在的危害.本研究通过调查市政排口污水磁混凝处理过程中抗性基因绝对含量和相对丰度变化,考察磁分离技术对市政污水中抗性基因的削减效果.结果表明,加入磁种和絮凝剂的一级搅拌和二级搅拌对抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)、重金属抗性基因(MRGs)和可移动遗传元件均有较好地去除效果,但出水中部分抗性基因的绝对含量增加,这可能是由于出水中依然具有较高含量的水平转移元件(int1,2. 00×10~(10) copies·mL~(-1); int2,1. 91×10~8 copies·mL~(-1); Tn916/1545e,5. 38×10~8 copies·mL~(-1)).网络分析和主成分分析结果表明,磁混凝处理过程中ARGs与MRGs呈显著正相关(P 0. 05),城市污水中常规污染物如悬浮物、磷和COD等是影响抗性基因去除效率的重要因子.这些结果表明,磁混凝可通过有效削减污水中常规污染物进而制约抗性基因的传播和转移;但需要关注磁混凝的出水及脱水污泥的后续管理,如出水前增设消毒环节,以降低抗性基因污染风险.

Removal Performance of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Heavy Metal Resistance Genes in Municipal Wastewater by Magnetic-Coagulation Process

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in municipal wastewater pose a potential threat to the environment. In this study, the change in absolute and relative abundance of ARGs, metal resistance genes (MRGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGTs) were investigated during an emergent municipal wastewater treatment by the magnetic separation process. Results indicate that all the concentrations of targeted ARGs, MRGs, and MGTs decreased significantly in the primary and secondary stirring tank. However, the absolute abundance of some ARGs and MRGs increased in the effluent, which is likely caused by the presence of ample MGTs, in the order of int1 (2.00×10¹⁰ copies·mL^-1) > int2 (1.91×10⁸ copies·mL^-1) > Tn 916/1545^e(5.38×10⁸ copies·mL^-1). The results obtained from network and PCA analysis showed that the removal of ARGs and MRGs were significantly associated with variations in the microbial community and common pollutants in urban wastewater, such as suspended solids, phosphorus, and COD, which are important factors for affecting the removal efficiency of antibiotic resistance genes and metal heavy resistance genes. These results show that magnetic separation can effectively reduce common pollutants in urban wastewater and might further restrict the transmission and transfer of ARGs. Moreover, it is necessary to strengthen the subsequent management of magnetic separation effluent and dehydrated sludge by disinfection technologies to lessen the risk of antimicrobial contamination.