温度对畜禽粪便水热炭产率及特性的影响

以猪粪、牛粪和鸡粪3种畜禽粪便为原料制备水热炭，研究了温度对畜禽粪便水热炭产率及其特性的影响，着重分析了不同温度(140~220 ℃)下水热炭的产率、元素组成、碳保留量、官能团及重金属含量的变化。结果表明：畜禽粪便水热炭产率为48.8%~74.2%，且随着温度的升高其产率逐渐降低；此外，49.6%~82.1%的碳被保留在水热炭中，低温利于碳的保留。水热炭的H/C随着温度的升高而逐渐降低，但—OH峰逐渐减弱。畜禽粪便经过水热炭化后，其重金属含量均有不同程度的增加，其中Cu、Zn和Cd的含量超标。重金属元素的相对富集系数<1，由此可见，重金属除了部分保留在水热炭中外，还有部分重金属进入到热解液态产物中。

Effects of temperature on hydrothermal carbonization yield and characteristics of livestock manure

Dairy manure, swine manure and chicken manure were prepared as feedstock for hydrothermal carbonization. The effect of temperature on the hydrothermal carbonization yield and characteristics of livestock manure was studied, the variations of element composition, carbon retention, functional groups and heavy metal content of hydrothermal char at different hydrothermal carbonization temperatures (140~220 ℃) were analyzed. The results showed that the hydrothermal char yield of livestock manure ranged from 48.8% to 74.2%, and it decreased gradually with the increase of hydrothermal carbonization temperature. In addition, 49.6%~82.1% of carbon was maintained in hydrothermal char, and low temperature was beneficial for carbon retention. The H/C of hydrothermal char decreased gradually with the increase of temperature, with the —OH peak also decreased gradually. After hydrothermal carbonization, the contents of heavy metals in the hydrothermal char of animal manure increased in varying degrees, of which the contents of copper, zinc and cadmium exceeded the standard. The relative enrichment coefficients of heavy metals were less than 1, which indicated that besides a part of the heavy metals left in hydrothermal char, the other part entered the liquid products of pyrolysis.