几种表面活性剂对柴油及多环芳烃的增溶作用

研究表面活性剂在多种柴油HOCs(疏水性有机物)组分共存条件下对PAHs(多环芳烃)的增溶作用.选用阴离子表面活性剂LAS(十二烷基苯磺酸钠)和SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)，非离子表面活性剂TX 100(曲拉通X-100)和TW 80(吐温80)及生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂和烷基糖苷，评价表面活性剂对柴油的增溶效果，并筛选出LAS，TX 100和鼠李糖脂，进行柴油中PAHs的增溶试验.结果表明，表面活性剂对柴油增溶作用顺序为鼠李糖脂> TX 100 >烷基糖苷> TW 80> LAS>SDS.在多种柴油组分共存条件下，PAHs的表观溶解度与表面活性剂浓度具有良好的线性关系.表面活性剂对柴油中PAHs的增溶作用顺序为鼠李糖脂> TX 100 > LAS.鼠李糖脂具有较低的临界胶束浓度和较复杂的分子结构，能够形成更多、更大的胶束，有利于柴油及PAHs的增溶. 

Solubilization of Diesel and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Certain Kinds of Surfactants

This research aimed to study the solubilization of surfactants to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) under the co-existence of a variety of diesel hydrophobic organic contaminants(HOCs).Anionic surfactants LAS and SDS,nonionic surfactants TW 80 and TX 100,and biosurfactants rhamnolipids and alkyl polyglucosides were selected for the assessment of diesel solubilization.LAS,TX 100 and rhamnolipids were further screened out for the solubilization of PAHs in diesel.Results showed that the order of solubilization of diesel was rhamnolipids > TX 100 > alkyl polyglucosides > TW 80 > LAS > SDS.With the co-existence of many diesel constituents,a favorable linear relationship between apparent solubilities of PAHs and surfactant concentrations was observed.The order of solubilization of PAHs in diesel was rhamnolipids > TX 100 > LAS.Rhamnolipids which have lower critical micelle concentrations(CMC) and more complicated molecular structures could form much more and bigger micelles,which was advantageous for the solubilization of diesel and PAHs.