城市道路交通噪声监测技术与方法的现状与展望

日趋严重的道路交通噪声已成为城市的主要噪声源之一。精准高效地监测道路交通噪声是控制交通噪声污染的重要前提,然而噪声测量技术的发展脉络仍未被厘清。通过系统梳理2000—2021年国内外发表的282篇文献,发现当前道路交通噪声监测可分为静态多站点测量、自动监测网络、移动测量和参与式测量4种方法,并应向多源监测数据融合、提升数据时空分辨率、开发低成本且易集成的自动监测网络、建立公众参与式噪声测量规范与数据整合标准、制定以人为本的城市道路交通噪声动态监测体系等方向发展。未来可采取自动监测网络为主,常规静态测量、参与式测量和移动测量等方法为辅的技术体系监测道路交通噪声。该研究可为道路交通噪声监测技术革新及噪声污染防控提供参考。

Urban Road Traffic Noise Monitoring Technology and Methods:A Systematic Review

The increasingly severe road traffic noise has become one of the main noise sources in cities. Accurately and efficiently monitoring road traffic noise is becoming a prerequisite for mitigating urban noise pollution. However,the development of noise measurement technology has not been clarified. Therefore, this paper systematically reviewed 282 related research papers published in China and abroad during 2000-2021. It was found that current road noise monitoring can be divided into four methods: Static multi-site measurements, automatic monitoring networks, mobile measurements and participative measurements. Research on road noise measurement is evolving towards integrating multi-source monitoring data,improving the spatio-temporal data resolution,developing low-cost and auto-monitoring acoustic sensor network,establishing norms for public participatory noise measurements and standards for data integration, and developing a human-centered dynamic monitoring system for urban road traffic noise. A technical system based on automatic monitoring network, accompanied by conventional static measurement, participative measurement and mobile measurement methods,can be adopted in the future to monitor road traffic noise. This study can provide a reference for the technical innovation of road traffic noise monitoring technology and noise pollution control.