条件价值评估法本土化改进及其验证——来自武汉的实证研究

运用条件价值评估法(CVM)评估资源环境等非市场物品价值是近年来国外研究的热点问题。20世纪90年代后期,国内开始陆续出现以CVM评估非市场价值的研究案例,多数文献集中在该方法的应用层面。论文以武汉市耕地非市场价值评估为研究目标,紧密结合现实国情和武汉市的具体情况,针对耕地非市场价值内涵界定、WTP与WTA选择、价值评估影响人群界定、WTP累加、支付方式选择等多个技术环节展开探索性研究,结合实际对传统CVM理论模型进行了修正。CVM问卷调查分析表明,在论文所定义的耕地价值内涵下,具有武汉户籍农村居民的平均WTP为22d,耕地非市场价值为1523.83元/hm₂。

Application and Modification of CVM in China——An Empirical Research Coming from Wuhan

During recent years,non-market valuation has become the hot topic of research in developed countries.Contingent valuation is the most appropriate method frequently used for placing monetary values on public goods,such as environmental goods and services.In the Western countries,the results of CVM play an increasing important role in government policy decision-making.Since the 1990's,some empirical researches of CVM have emerged in China,but most of them were concentrated in application aspects.As a typical method of stated preferences valuation methods,CVM works on the basis of the West economic theory.So,special attention should be paid to the application of CVM in China.In this paper,many significant issues of CVM are decided according to Wuhan and domestic situation.Key design and implementation issues involved in undertaking a CV survey are discussed in details.Under the guide provided by NOAA Blue Ribbon panel and those famous environmental economists,we conduct the research as follows:First,organize focus groups and assure what is the valuation objective by means of deep interviews.Second,design the whole survey and choose appropriate techniques according to actual situation in Wuhan,which include the choice between WTP and WTA,partition of value-affected area and selection of payment vehicles.Considering the reaction of rural residents to different payment vehicles,we modify the classical theory of CVM and put forward a new model.The external benefits of farmland are calculated according to choices made by survey respondents by single-bounded dichotomy model.In this research the sum of questionnaires amounts to 400,and effective questionnaires reach to 322,which are far beyond the demand put forward by NOAA panel.Under the definition of farmland function,the WTP of Wuhan rural residents is 22-day,which is equal to 1 523.83 yuan per ha.At the end of this paper,we discuss the results of the research and point out issues,which are worthy for further research.